KI-99: Advances in Artificial Intelligence
KI-99: Advances in Artificial Intelligence
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KI-99：人工智能的进步
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Cremers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wolfram Burgard;T. Christaller;A. Cremers
早期理解智能的方法假设智能可以在算法层面上进行研究，这就是为什么多年来人工智能（AI）研究人员的主要工具一直是计算机（这已被称为经典AI）。当研究人员开始制造机器人时，他们意识到研究智能最困难的问题涉及真实的世界中的感知和行动。一个全新的研究领域被称为“具身智能”（或“新人工智能”，“具身认知科学”）出现，“智能”成为新的流行语。与此同时，有很多研究利用机器人来研究智能。然而，具体化并没有得到真正认真的对待。几乎没有任何研究涉及形态学（即形状），材料特性，以及它们与感觉运动加工的关系。本文的目的是调查-或者更确切地说，提出-所涉及的一些问题，并讨论了具有深远意义的体现，从而导致一个新的角度对智力。这种新的视角需要考虑“生态平衡”和感觉运动协调，而不仅仅是算法和计算。使用一系列的案例研究，它将说明如何这些考虑可以导致一个新的理解智力。关键词：体现;材料、形态和控制之间的关系;廉价设计;生态平衡;感觉-运动协调
Early approaches to understanding intelligence have assumed that intelligence can be studied at the level of algorithms which is why for many years the major tool of artificial intelligence (AI) researchers has been the computer (this has become known as classical AI). As researchers started to build robots they realized that the hardest issues in the study of intelligence involve perception and action in the real world. An entire new research field called “embodied intelligence” (or “New AI”, “embodied cognitive science”) emerged and “embodimen t” became the new buzzword. In the meantime there has been a lot of research employing robots for the study of intelligence. However, embodiment has not been taken really seriously. Hardly any studies deal with morphology (i.e. shape), material properties, and their relation to sensorymotor processing. The goal of this paper is to investigate – or rather to raise – some of the issues involved and discuss the far-reaching implications of embodiment which leads to a new perspective on intelligence. This new perspective requires considerations of “ecological balance” and sensorymotor coordination, rather than algorithms and computation exclusively. Using a series of case studies, it will be illustrated how these considerations can lead to a new understanding of intelligence. Key phrases: embodiment; relation between materials, morphology and control; cheap design; ecological balance; sensory-motor coordination