Absorption-Based Diamond Spin Microscopy on a Plasmonic Quantum Metasurface

Absorption-Based Diamond Spin Microscopy on a Plasmonic Quantum Metasurface
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等离子体量子超表面上基于吸收的金刚石自旋显微镜

DOI:
10.1021/acsphotonics.1c01005
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Englund, Dirk R.
Englund, Dirk R.
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kim, Laura;Choi, Hyeongrak;Trusheim, Matthew E.;Englund, Dirk R.

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金刚石中的氮空位(NV)中心已成为领先的量子传感器平台,通过光学检测磁共振(ODMR)将卓越的灵敏度与纳米级空间分辨率相结合。由于基于荧光的ODMR技术受到低光子收集效率和调制对比度的限制,因此对NV单重态跃迁的基于红外(IR)吸收的读出的兴趣越来越大。IR读出可以提高对比度和收集效率,但由于NV单重态的吸收截面小,因此它迄今为止仅限于体样品中的长路径长度几何形状。在这里,我们建议通过引入共振金刚石metaldielectric metasurface,集中金刚石表面附近的光场来放大红外吸收。该“等离子体量子感测超表面”(PQSM)支持等离子体表面晶格共振,并实现场定位和感测体积之间的期望平衡,以优化自旋读出灵敏度。结合电磁和速率方程模型,我们估计一个近自旋投影噪声限制的灵敏度低于1 nT Hz-1/2每μ m2的传感面积使用的数字为当今的NV金刚石样品和制造技术。所提出的PQSM实现了一种新形式的显微ODMR传感,其具有接近自旋投影噪声限制灵敏度的红外读出,使其对最苛刻的应用具有吸引力,例如通过散射组织成像和空间分辨化学NMR检测。
Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as a leading quantum sensor platform, combining exceptional sensitivity with nanoscale spatial resolution by optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). Because fluorescence-based ODMR techniques are limited by low photon collection efficiency and modulation contrast, there has been growing interest in infrared (IR)-absorption-based readout of the NV singlet state transition. IR readout can improve contrast and collection efficiency, but it has thus far been limited to long-path length geometries in bulk samples due to the small absorption cross section of the NV singlet state. Here, we propose to amplify the IR absorption by introducing a resonant diamond metallodielectric metasurface that concentrates the optical field near the diamond surface. This “plasmonic quantum sensing metasurface” (PQSM) supports plasmonic surface lattice resonances and achieves desired balance between field localization and sensing volume to optimize spin readout sensitivity. From combined electromagnetic and rate-equation modeling, we estimate a near-spin-projection-noise-limited sensitivity below 1 nT Hz–1/2per μm2of sensing area using numbers for present-day NV diamond samples and fabrication techniques. The proposed PQSM enables a new form of microscopic ODMR sensing with infrared readout near the spin-projection-noise-limited sensitivity, making it appealing for the most demanding applications such as imaging through scattering tissues and spatially resolved chemical NMR detection.
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