Impact of heredity in myopia.
Impact of heredity in myopia.
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DOI：
10.1159/000153994
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Jaakko M Teikari;J. O'Donnell;Jaakko Kaprio;M. Koskenvuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jaakko M Teikari;J. O'Donnell;Jaakko Kaprio;M. Koskenvuo
在芬兰双胞胎队列中发现了年龄在30-31岁年龄组的109对性别相似的双胞胎（54对同卵双胞胎和55对异卵双胞胎），双胞胎中的一个或两个成员患有近视。该系列研究是基于一个年龄段的1200对双胞胎的随机样本。这对双胞胎收到了一份健康状况调查问卷，其中特别提到了眼部疾病和症状。通过要求双胞胎将最新的眼镜处方寄给作者或从双胞胎的眼科医生或配镜师那里获得折射情况来确定双胞胎的屈光状态。同卵双胞胎的平均屈光差为右眼1.19 dptr，左眼1.15 dptr。异卵对的差异为右眼2.34 dptr，左眼2.47 dptr。方差分析表明，一对双胞胎的两只眼睛的折射差异不显著。同卵双胞胎的平均屈光差显著低于异卵双胞胎（p <或等于0.001）。与男性组的单卵双胞胎相比，双卵双胞胎的对内方差增加了一倍。与单卵双胞胎相比，双卵双胞胎中女性组的配对内变异是单卵双胞胎的4倍。视近视为二分类变量时，近视遗传率为0.58（男性0.74，女性0.61）。这一结果表明遗传对近视的病因有实质性的影响。
A series of 109 like-sexed twin pairs in the age group 30-31 years (54 monozygotic and 55 dizygotic) with one or both members of the twins with myopia was found in the Finnish Twin Cohort. The series was based on a random sample of 1,200 twins in one age stratum of the cohort. The twins received a questionnaire on their health status with special reference to eye diseases and symptoms. The refractive status of the twin pairs was ascertained by asking the twins to send their latest prescription for glasses to the authors or the refraction was obtained from the ophthalmologists or opticians of the twins. The mean difference in refraction between the monozygotic twins was 1.19 dptr in the right eyes and 1.15 dptr in the left eyes. The difference between dizygotic pairs was 2.34 dptr in the right eyes and 2.47 dptr in the left eyes. Analysis of variance showed that the difference in refraction between the two eyes of a twin pair was not significant. The mean difference in refraction between the monozygotic twins was significantly lower than that between dizygotic twins (p less than or equal to 0.001). The intrapair variances were doubled among dizygotic twin pairs compared to monozygotic twin pairs in the male group. The intrapair variance in the female group was 4-fold among dizygotic twin pairs as compared to monozygotic twin pairs. Heritability of myopia was 0.58 (0.74 for males and 0.61 for females) when myopia was considered a dichotomous variable. This result suggests that inheritance has a substantial effect on the etiology of myopia.