Opioid-, cannabis- and alcohol-dependent women show more rapid progression to substance abuse treatment
Opioid-, cannabis- and alcohol-dependent women show more rapid progression to substance abuse treatment
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.02.001
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发表时间：
2004-06-11
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Kranzler, HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hernandez-Avila, CA;Rounsaville, BJ;Kranzler, HR
酒精依赖妇女从开始饮酒到接受治疗的进展更快，经历了较早的与酒精有关的并发症的发病(即“伸缩”)。这一现象在药物依赖女性中似乎也很明显，尽管可用于支持药物依赖的伸缩的数据不那么丰富。目的：探讨性别对271例物质依赖患者(平均年龄32.6岁，女性156例)DSM-III-R药物和酒精依赖的发生率、严重程度及相关并发症的影响。方法：采用多因素和单变量ANCOVA方法，比较经常使用可卡因、阿片类药物、大麻和酒精的开始年龄以及开始定期使用每种药物到进入指数或当前药物滥用治疗的时间。还检查了成瘾严重指数(ASI)的得分。结果：患者在开始常规使用任何药物的年龄上没有性别差异。妇女定期使用阿片类药物和大麻的年限减少，在接受治疗前定期饮酒的年限也减少。尽管药物和酒精依赖的严重程度没有性别差异，但女性报告的精神、医疗和就业并发症更严重。结论：这些发现支持阿片类药物、大麻和酒精依赖女性加速进入治疗阶段的概念，并表明这些疾病的不良后果存在基于性别的脆弱性。(C)2004爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
Alcohol-dependent women progress faster from onset of alcohol drinking to entry into treatment, experiencing an earlier onset (i.e., "telescoping") of alcohol-related complications. This phenomenon also appears to be evident in drug-dependent women, though the data available to support telescoping in drug dependence is less abundant. Objective: To evaluate gender effects on progression to treatment entry and on the frequency, severity and related complications of DSM-III-R drug and alcohol dependence among 271 substance-dependent patients (mean age: 32.6 years; 156 women). Method: Multivariate and univariate ANCOVA was used to compare age at onset of regular use of cocaine, opioids, cannabis and alcohol and time elapsed between initiation of regular use of each substance and entry into an index or current substance abuse treatment. Scores on the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) were also examined. Results: There was no gender difference among patients in the age at onset of regular use of any substance. Women experienced fewer years of regular use of opioids and cannabis, and fewer years of regular alcohol drinking before entering treatment. Although the severity of drug and alcohol dependence did not differ by gender, women reported more severe psychiatric, medical and employment complications. Conclusions: These findings support the notion of an accelerated progression to treatment entry among opioid-, cannabis- and alcohol-dependent women, and suggest that there exists a gender-based vulnerability to the adverse consequences of these disorders. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.