The inherent semantics of argument structure: The case of the English ditransitive construction
The inherent semantics of argument structure: The case of the English ditransitive construction
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论元结构的内在语义：以英语双及物结构为例
DOI：
10.1515/cogl.1992.3.1.37
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
A. Goldberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Goldberg
本文认为，高度特定的语义约束应该直接与及物论元结构相关联，而不是直接与所涉及的特定动词相关联。该建议与Gropen等人（1989）最近提出的建议形成对比，后者认为约束是语义规则改变动词固有语义的结果。这里概述的分析减轻了对词法规则或转换在语法或语义结构上操作的需要，并且还避免了新动词含义的激增。同时，采用了Gropen等人理论的其他重要方面；具体地说，需要限定以本地生产力为特征的狭义语义子类。在这里介绍的帐户中，狭义定义的子类被理解为通常与构造相关联的子类，äs与通常允许经历词法规则的子类相对。在本文的后半部分，详细介绍了具体的语义约束，揭示了比一般认为的更具体的语义结构。特别地，一种多义语义学被认为是有意志的主体和有意愿的接受者之间的转移äs中心感觉。几个一般的系统隐喻被描述和显示许可从中心意义进一步扩展。
This paper argues that highly specific semantic constraints should be associaied directly with the ditransitive argument structure, and not directly to the specific verbs involved. The proposal is contrasted with a recent proposal by Gropen et al. (1989), who argue that the constraints are the result of a semantic rule altering the verbs' inherent semantics. The analysis outlined here alleviates the need for lexical rules or transformations to operate on either syntactic or semantic structure, and also avoids a proliferation ofnew verb senses. At the same time, other important aspects of Gropen et al.'s theory are adopted; specifically, the need to circumscribe narrowly defined semantic subclasses characterized by local productivity is acknowledged. On the account presented here, the narrowly defined subclasses are understood to be subclasses that are conventionally associated with the construction, äs opposed t o subclasses that are conventionally allowed to undergo a lexical rule. In the second half of the paper, the specific semantic constraints are detailed, revealing a more specific semantic structure than is generally acknowledged. In particular, a polysemous semantics is argued for, with transfer between a volitional agent and a willing recipient äs the central sense. Several general systematic metaphors are described and shown to license further extensions from the central sense.