Trace Element Geochemistry in the Earliest Terrestrial Ecosystem, the Rhynie Chert
Trace Element Geochemistry in the Earliest Terrestrial Ecosystem, the Rhynie Chert
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最早陆生生态系统的微量元素地球化学
DOI：
10.1029/2022gc010647
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发表时间：
2022-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
J. Parnell;T. O. Akinsanpe;J. Armstrong;A. Boyce;J. Still;S. Bowden;David Clases;Raquel González de Vega;J. Feldmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Parnell;T. O. Akinsanpe;J. Armstrong;A. Boyce;J. Still;S. Bowden;David Clases;Raquel González de Vega;J. Feldmann
植物和真菌的共生伙伴关系是在陆地表面定植期间营养吸收的关键手段。下泥盆世的Rhynie Chert显示了真菌广泛定植的植物碎屑中磷的广泛动员的证据。富含真菌的植物碎屑所包裹的沙质沉积物含有磷矿独居石颗粒，这些颗粒表现出高度多孔和浸出表面的蚀变。混合的锰-铁氧化物沉淀含有高达2%的P2O5。锰、铁和磷的动员都是菌根养分浓度的特征。然而，该生态系统也暴露于来自温泉热液活动的有毒元素。氧化沉淀物包括钛和铁-氧化钛，它们隔离了潜在有毒的钨和锑。Rhynie Chert中丰富的黄铁矿树状体表明植物分解包括微生物硫酸盐还原。这导致地下水中的一些砷被转移到黄铁矿中，这降低了毒性，同时留下了足够的砷代谢。这些关系表明生态系统的矿物成分改变了环境水的地球化学。
The symbiotic partnership of plants and fungi was a critical means of nutrient uptake during colonization of the terrestrial surface. The Lower Devonian Rhynie Chert shows evidence for extensive phosphorus mobilization in plant debris that was pervasively colonized by fungi. Sandy sediment entrapped with fungi‐rich phytodebris contains grains of the phosphate mineral monazite which exhibit alteration to highly porous and leached surfaces. Mixed manganese‐iron oxide precipitates contain up to 2% P2O5. The mobilization of Mn, Fe, and P are all features of mycorrhizal nutrient concentration. However, the ecosystem was also exposed to toxic elements from hot spring hydrothermal activity. The oxide precipitates include titanium and iron‐titanium oxide which sequestered potentially toxic tungsten and antimony. Abundant pyrite framboids in the Rhynie Chert indicate that plant decomposition included microbial sulfate reduction. This caused the removal of some of the arsenic from the groundwaters into the pyrite, which reduced toxicity while leaving enough for putative arsenic metabolism. These relationships show the mineral component of the ecosystem modified the geochemistry of ambient waters.