Antioxidant nanoparticles for control of infectious disease.
Antioxidant nanoparticles for control of infectious disease.
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DOI：
10.2174/187152609788922528
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发表时间：
2009-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. F. Elswaifi;J. R. Palmieri;K. S. Hockey;B. Rzigalinski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. F. Elswaifi;J. R. Palmieri;K. S. Hockey;B. Rzigalinski
纳米技术领域正在开辟的新领域为我们治疗和预防传染病提供了许多前景。最近的报道表明，几种类型的纳米颗粒具有强大的自由基清除剂和抗氧化剂的作用。据报道，特定的纳米结构也具有抗炎活性。鉴于这些特性，本文讨论了抗氧化剂纳米颗粒在控制传染病方面的潜在应用。许多病原体通过产生自由基和破坏免疫系统的细胞的能力来确定它们的毒性和致病性。例如，铜绿假单胞菌是一种产生绿青素毒素的细菌，绿青素通过产生活性氧物种(ROS)来诱导细胞损伤和损害免疫系统。纳米抗氧化剂可能提供独特的机会来对抗这些类型的微生物的致病性及其生物膜的形成，这也与氧气水平和ROS的产生有关。纳米颗粒的使用也可能在控制呼吸机相关性肺炎等方面发挥作用，在这种情况下，高水平的氧气会诱导氧化应激并抑制呼吸道免疫。相比之下，纳米抗氧化剂凭借其抗炎活性，可能会削弱宿主对某些微生物的正常免疫防御。这篇综述将讨论纳米医学这把新出现的双刃剑及其在控制传染病方面的潜在作用，并将讨论这一新兴前沿领域未来的研究方向。
The new ground being broken by the field of nanotechnology provides us with numerous prospects for treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. Recent reports have demonstrated that several types of nanoparticles act as potent free radical scavengers and antioxidants. Specific nanoconstructs are also reported to have anti-inflammatory activities. Given these properties, the potential application of antioxidant nanoparticles for controlling infectious diseases are discussed in this review. Numerous pathogenic agents establish their virulence and pathogenicity by virtue of their ability to produce free radicals and damage the cells of the immune system. For example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium that produces the toxin pyocyanin, which induces cell damage and compromises the immune system through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nanoparticle antioxidants may provide unique opportunities to counteract the pathogenicity of these types of microorganisms and their formation of biofilms, which are also related to oxygen levels and ROS production. The use of nanoparticles may also play a role in controlling conditions such as ventilation associated pneumonia, where high levels of oxygen induces oxidative stress and inhibits respiratory tract immunity. In contrast, nanoparticle antioxidants, by virtue of their anti-inflammatory activity, may blunt a host's normal immune defenses to certain microorganisms. This review will address this emerging double-edged sword for nanomedicine and its potential role in controlling infectious disease and will address future directions for research in this emerging frontier.