Food store availability and neighborhood characteristics in the United States
Food store availability and neighborhood characteristics in the United States
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.08.008
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Chaloupka, Frank J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Powell, Lisa M.;Slater, Sandy;Chaloupka, Frank J.
Objective.这项研究提供了一个多变量分析的可用性食品商店在美国和协会与邻里特征的种族，民族和社会经济地位（SES）。商业食品商店出口数据与2000年人口普查数据相关联，涉及28,050个邮政编码。多元回归分析被用来研究连锁超市，非连锁超市，杂货店和便利店的可用性和社区特征的种族，民族和SES之间的关联，包括额外的控制人口规模，城市化和区域。低收入社区的连锁超市较少，只有中等收入社区的75%（p < 0.01）。即使在控制了收入和其他协变量之后，非裔美国人社区的连锁超市的可用性也仅为白色社区的52%（p < 0.01），城市地区的相对可用性更低。西班牙裔社区只有32%（p < 0.01）的连锁超市相比，非西班牙裔社区。非连锁超市和杂货店在低收入和少数民族社区更为普遍。研究结果强调了各种潜在的公共政策措施对改善进入超市的机会的重要性，这些措施可能有助于减少因种族、族裔和收入而存在的系统性地方障碍。(c)2006年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Objective. This study provides a multivariate analysis of the availability of food store outlets in the US and associations with neighborhood characteristics on race, ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES).Method. Commercial food store outlet data are linked across 28,050 zip codes to Census 2000 data. Multivariate regression analyses are used to examine associations between the availability of chain supermarkets, non-chain supermarkets, grocery stores and convenience stores and neighborhood characteristics on race, ethnicity and SES including additional controls for population size, urbanization and region.Results. Low-income neighborhoods have fewer chain supermarkets with only 75% (p < 0.01) of that available in middle-income neighborhoods. Even after controlling for income and other covariates, the availability of chain supermarkets in African American neighborhoods is only 52% (p < 0.01) of that in White neighborhoods with even less relative availability in urban areas. Hispanic neighborhoods have only 32% (p < 0.01) as many chain supermarkets compared to non-Hispanic neighborhoods. Non-chain supermarkets and grocery stores are more prevalent in low-income and minority neighborhoods.Conclusion. The study results highlight the importance of various potential public policy measures for improving access to supermarkets that may serve to reduce systematic local area barriers that are shown to exist by race, ethnicity and income. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.