Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Vascular Cognitive Impairment
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DOI：
10.1212/con.0000000000000304
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Eric D. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eric D. Smith
综述目的：本文提供了血管性认知障碍的诊断框架，讨论了患病率及其与其他神经退行性病变的关系，并提供了诊断检查和管理的建议。最新发现：血管性认知障碍是认知障碍的第二大常见原因，经常与其他神经退行性神经病变并存。最近公布了三个新的诊断标准;常见的诊断要素包括需要将认知障碍分类为轻度认知障碍或痴呆，并将认知障碍与临床显著脑血管疾病的证据联系起来。血管性认知功能障碍可进一步细分为卒中后血管性认知功能障碍和非卒中血管性认知功能障碍，最常见的是由脑小血管疾病引起的，只能通过神经影像学识别。总结：血管性认知障碍是认知障碍的一种潜在可治疗的常见原因，通过血管疾病的二级预防可以减缓或阻止其进展。
Purpose of Review:This article provides a diagnostic framework for vascular cognitive impairment, discusses prevalence and relationships to other neurodegenerative pathologies, and provides advice on diagnostic workup and management. Recent Findings:Vascular cognitive impairment is the second most common cause of cognitive impairment and frequently coexists with other neurodegenerative neuropathologies. Three new diagnostic criteria have been published recently; common diagnostic elements include the need to classify cognitive impairment as mild cognitive impairment or dementia and to link the cognitive impairment to evidence of clinically significant cerebrovascular disease. Vascular cognitive impairment may be further subclassified into poststroke vascular cognitive impairment and nonstroke vascular cognitive impairment, most commonly caused by cerebral small vessel disease, which may only be recognized on neuroimaging. Summary:Vascular cognitive impairment is a potentially treatable common cause of cognitive impairment, progression of which may be slowed or halted by secondary prevention of vascular disease.