Adaptive suicide in pea aphids: Decisions are cost sensitive
Adaptive suicide in pea aphids: Decisions are cost sensitive
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豌豆蚜的适应性自杀：决策对成本敏感
DOI：
10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80676-1
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
K. L. Weldon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Mcallister;B. Roitberg;K. L. Weldon
包容性的健身理论预测，主机自杀进化时，一个“自杀”主机的遗传贡献，减少寄生在亲戚，超过了自己的生殖贡献的牺牲。在豌豆蚜，Acyrthosiphon pisum，寄生茧蜂，Aphidius ervi，当生殖潜力变化的“自杀”行为进行了研究。四龄蚜虫寄生在第二龄（木乃伊化前不产生后代）选择最危险的逃逸行为时，接近瓢虫甲虫，Hippodamia convergens，捕食者，而四龄（可以预期产生七至八个后代）的行为没有什么不同，从unparasitized个人。因此，蚜虫的“自杀”行为是成本敏感的。沿海和内地蚜虫生物型与非本地栖息地的黄蜂交叉寄生。沿海蚜虫，不像室内蚜虫，没有面临不同的死亡率风险，在其捕食者逃逸行为，并没有表现出不同的寄生时。事实上，寄生虫类型对蚜虫的行为没有影响，只要相同的生物型被感染，使它不太可能改变行为感染内部蚜虫仅仅是一个近似的影响内部寄生虫。
Inclusive fitness theory predicts that host suicide evolve when a ‘suicidal’ host's genetic contribution, resulting from reduced parasitims in kin, exceeds the sacrifice of its own reproductive contribution. ‘Suicidal’ behaviour was examined in pea aphids,Acyrthosiphon pisum, parasitized by Braconid wasps,Aphidius ervi, when reproductive potential varied. Fourth instar aphids parasitized at the second instar (which produce no offspring before mummification) chose the most dangerous escape behaviour when approached by a ladybird beetle,Hippodamia convergens, predator while fourth instar (which can expect to produce seven to eight offspring) behaved no differently from unparasitized individuals. Therefore, ‘suicidal’ behaviour in aphids is cost sensitive. Coastal and interior aphid biotypes were cross-parasitized with wasps from non-local habitats. Coastal aphids, unlike interior aphids, are not faced with different mortality risks in their predator escape behaviour and do not behave differently when parasitized. The fact that parasite type had no effect on aphid behaviour, so long as the same biotype was infected, makes it unlikely that modified behaviour in infected interior aphids is merely a proximate effect of interior parasites.