Benefit, cost, and size of an emission control area: a simulation approach for spatial relationships
Benefit, cost, and size of an emission control area: a simulation approach for spatial relationships
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排放控制区的效益、成本和规模：空间关系的模拟方法
DOI：
10.1080/03088839.2019.1579931
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Okada Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MASUMURA Akinobu;KUBOTA Aya;関耕平;除本理史;除本理史;関耕平;除本理史;高木竜輔・除本理史;除本理史;除本理史;除本理史;除本理史;窪田亜矢;萩原拓也 ・太田慈乃・窪田亜矢;除本理史;除本理史;除本理史;除本理史;除本理史;窪田亜矢;除本理史;除本理史;除本理史;除本理史;関耕平;窪田亜矢;窪田亜矢・萩原拓也・奥澤理恵子・李美沙・小原寛士・新妻直人・北原麻理奈・鈴木亮平;除本理史;除本理史・尾崎寛直;除本理史;関耕平;除本理史;Okada Akira
国际海事组织建立了排放控制区的国际框架，以减少航运产生的空气污染物，一些国家在其领土上指定了排放控制区。世界出口信贷协定似乎最终是由根据国际海洋法划定的分界线决定的，但并不是完全根据成本效益分析弹性确定的。现有的文献没有仔细注意扩大非洲经委会与其成本和效益之间的关系。本研究分析的净效益和ECA的大小之间的空间关系，通过使用数值模拟，其中包括所需的决策，以改变船舶的位置在海上以及空气污染物的扩散模型。模拟结果给出了净效益曲线、效益分解、边际成本曲线和移动平均边际效益曲线，并将它们用三点表示。改变模拟中的主要参数，如统计寿命的值，人口密度，和保费的低硫燃料澄清它们与ECA大小的关系。结果提供了一个现有的ECA边界的距离海岸和设置ECA的指导方针的评价。
International Maritime Organization has established an international framework for emission control areas (ECAs) to reduce air pollutants from shipping and several countries have designated ECAs in their territories. The world’s ECAs seem to be molded eventually by demarcation lines according to the international laws of the sea, but are not set elastically solely based on a cost-benefit analysis. The existing literature does not pay careful attention to the relationship between ECA expansion and its costs and benefits. This study analyzes the spatial relationship between the net benefit and the size of ECA by using a numerical simulation that includes the decision-making required to alter ships’ locations in the sea as well as a dispersion model of air pollutant. The simulation provides the net benefit curve, the decomposition of benefit, marginal cost curve, and the moving average marginal benefit curve, which are intersected by three points. Changing principal parameters in the simulation, such as the value of statistical life, the population density, and the premium of low-sulfur fuel clarifies their relationships with ECA size. The results provide an evaluation of the distance of existing ECA boundaries from seashores and a guideline for setting ECAs.