Isotopic evidence for partial geochemical decoupling between a Jurassic epicontinental sea and the open ocean

Isotopic evidence for partial geochemical decoupling between a Jurassic epicontinental sea and the open ocean
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侏罗纪陆表海与公海之间部分地球化学脱钩的同位素证据

DOI:
10.1016/j.gr.2019.12.011
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
6.1
通讯作者:
Holland
Holland
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Danise;Alberti;Holland

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本文报道了美国西部中上侏罗统圣丹斯海道的双壳类和角闪石的稳定同位素(δ13C、δ18O)、微量元素(Mn、Fe、Sr、Mg)和Ca浓度,并与同期外海特提斯的数据进行了比较,重建了海道水体的古环流。圣丹斯海道是一个2000公里长的陆表海,在中纬度(55-60°N)有一个单一的入口,相对于其开放的海洋来源,这将促进海水化学的实质性演变。样本分布在1300万年的海道海洋历史中,横跨横跨怀俄明州的540公里东西横断面。Delta13C值与特提斯的数据在相同的范围内,这表明它们可能记录了碳循环的全球变化,只有牛津的一个例外。与特提斯的数据(- 2 ~ - 6‰)相比,来自海道的Delta18O值是高度枯竭的,它们表明了不切实际的高古温度(20 ~ 40°C),假设海水的同位素组成为- 1‰,通常用于侏罗纪。根据双壳类贝壳的Mg/Ca比值(10-25°C)给出更现实的温度估计,我们解释了这种负δ18O值是由正常盐度、同位素枯竭(- 3‰,- 4‰)的北极水向南流入海道。当这些水流向海道的最南端时,其含盐量和密度会逐渐增加。在晚侏罗世,气候条件更为湿润,密度较低的圣丹斯水可能反而表现出向北流动,减少了北极向南的水面流动。观测到的圣丹斯海道水团与公海的部分地球化学解耦强烈建议在解释古代浅海的地球化学记录时要谨慎,在那里需要考虑局部、区域和全球的变化驱动因素。
We report stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ18O), minor and trace elements (Mn, Fe, Sr, Mg) together with Ca concentrations from bivalve shells and belemnites from the Middle-Upper Jurassic Sundance Seaway (western United States), we compare them with coeval open-ocean Tethyan data, and reconstruct the palaeo-circulation of seaway waters. The Sundance Seaway was a 2000 km long epicontinental sea with a single entrance at mid latitudes (55–60°N), which would have fostered substantial evolution of seawater chemistry relative to its open-ocean source. Samples are distributed across the 13-million-year marine history of the seaway, and across a 540 km east-west transect spanning Wyoming. Delta13C values are in the same range as Tethyan data, and this suggests that they might record global changes in the carbon cycle, with one exception in the Oxfordian. Delta18O values from the seaway are in contrast highly depleted compared with Tethyan data (−2 to −6‰), and they indicate unrealistically high palaeotemperatures (20–40 °C), assuming an isotopic composition of seawater of −1‰, as generally used for the Jurassic. Given more realistic temperature estimates from Mg/Ca ratios of bivalve shells (10–25 °C), we explain such negative δ18O values by the southward inflow of normal-salinity, isotopically depleted (−3, −4‰), Arctic water into the seaway. Such water would become progressively more saline and denser as it flowed towards the southernmost portion of the seaway. In the Late Jurassic, characterised by wetter climate conditions, less dense Sundance waters may have instead exhibited a northward flow, reducing the southward surface flow from the Arctic. The observed partial geochemical decoupling of Sundance Seaway water masses from the open ocean strongly recommends caution in interpreting the geochemical record of ancient shallow seas, where local, regional and global drivers of change all need to be considered.
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