Geriatric conditions and disability: The health and retirement study
Geriatric conditions and disability: The health and retirement study
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DOI：
10.7326/0003-4819-147-3-200708070-00004
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发表时间：
2007-08-07
影响因子：
39.2
通讯作者：
Blaum, Caroline S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cigolle, Christine T.;Langa, Kenneth M.;Blaum, Caroline S.
背景资料：老年疾病，如尿失禁和跌倒，不是传统医学疾病模型的一部分，在老年人的护理中可能会被忽视。老年疾病的患病率及其对老年人健康和残疾的影响尚未在基于人口的样本中进行调查。目的：通过使用全国代表性数据，调查老年疾病的患病率及其与日常生活活动依赖性的关系。设计：横断面分析。设置：2000年进行的健康与退休研究调查。参与者：65岁或以上的成年人（n = 11093，代表3450万美国老年人）生活在社区和疗养院。老年病（认知障碍、福尔斯、失禁、低体重指数、头晕、视力障碍、听力障碍）和日常生活活动依赖结果：在65岁或以上的成年人中，49.9%有1种或多种老年病。有些疾病与常见的慢性病一样普遍，如心脏病和糖尿病。即使在调整了人口统计学特征和慢性病之后，老年疾病和日常生活活动依赖性之间的关联也是强有力的（调整后的风险比，1种老年疾病为2.1 [95% CI，1.9至2.4]，2种疾病为3.6 [CI，3.1至4.1]，5.6至7.6]对于>= 3种情况）。局限性：该研究是横断面的，并且基于自我报告的数据。由于测量受到调查问题的限制，因此没有评估重要的情况，如谵妄和虚弱。生存偏差可能会影响estimates.Conclusions：老年人的慢性病的患病率相似，在某些情况下，与残疾密切相关。研究结果表明，老年人的条件，虽然不是目前的卫生保健模式的目标，是重要的健康和功能的老年人，并应在他们的照顾。
Background: Geriatric conditions, such as incontinence and falling, are not part of the traditional disease model of medicine and may be overlooked in the care of older adults. The prevalence of geriatric conditions and their effect on health and disability in older adults has not been investigated in population-based samples.Objective: To investigate the prevalence of geriatric conditions and their association with dependency in activities of daily living by using nationally representative data.Design: Cross-sectional analysis.Setting: Health and Retirement Study survey administered in 2000.Participants: Adults age 65 years or older (n = 11 093, representing 34.5 million older Americans) living in the community and in nursing homes.Measurements: Geriatric conditions (cognitive impairment, falls, incontinence, low body mass index, dizziness, vision impairment, hearing impairment) and dependency in activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, eating, transferring, toileting).Results: Of adults age 65 years or older, 49.9% had 1 or more geriatric conditions. Some conditions were as prevalent as common chronic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. The association between geriatric conditions and dependency in activities of daily living was strong and significant, even after adjustment for demographic characteristics and chronic diseases (adjusted risk ratio, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.9 to 2.4] for 1 geriatric condition, 3.6 [CI, 3.1 to 4.1] for 2 conditions, and 6.6 [CI, 5.6 to 7.6] for >= 3 conditions).Limitations: The study was cross-sectional and based on self-reported data. Because measures were limited by the survey questions, important conditions, such as delirium and frailty, were not assessed. Survival biases may influence the estimates.Conclusions: Geriatric conditions are similar in prevalence to chronic diseases in older adults and in some cases are as strongly associated with disability. The findings suggest that geriatric conditions, although not a target of current models of health care, are important to the health and function of older adults and should be addressed in their care.