Surface-structure-regulated cell-membrane penetration by monolayer-protected nanoparticles
Surface-structure-regulated cell-membrane penetration by monolayer-protected nanoparticles
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DOI：
10.1038/nmat2202
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
41.2
通讯作者：
Stellacci, Francesco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Verma, Ayush;Uzun, Oktay;Stellacci, Francesco
纳米级物体通常被细胞内化到膜结合的内体中，并且无法进入胞质细胞机器。尽管一些生物大分子可以穿透或融合细胞膜而不明显破坏膜，但还没有类似尺寸的合成材料显示出这种特性。阳离子纳米物体通过产生瞬时孔穿过细胞膜，这是一个与细胞毒性相关的过程。旨在产生细胞穿透纳米材料的研究集中在尺寸，形状和成分的影响。在这里，我们比较膜渗透的两个纳米粒子的“异构体”具有相似的组成（相同的疏水含量），一个涂覆有交替的阴离子和疏水基团的亚纳米条纹，和其他涂覆有相同的部分，但在一个随机分布。我们发现，前者的颗粒穿透质膜没有双层破坏，而后者大多被困在内体。我们的研究结果提供了一个范例，分析细胞膜穿透生物和大分子的基本问题。
Nanoscale objects are typically internalized by cells into membrane-bounded endosomes and fail to access the cytosolic cell machinery. Whereas some biomacromolecules may penetrate or fuse with cell membranes without overt membrane disruption, no synthetic material of comparable size has shown this property yet. Cationic nano-objects pass through cell membranes by generating transient holes, a process associated with cytotoxicity. Studies aimed at generating cell-penetrating nanomaterials have focused on the effect of size, shape and composition. Here, we compare membrane penetration by two nanoparticle 'isomers' with similar composition (same hydrophobic content), one coated with subnanometre striations of alternating anionic and hydrophobic groups, and the other coated with the same moieties but in a random distribution. We show that the former particles penetrate the plasma membrane without bilayer disruption, whereas the latter are mostly trapped in endosomes. Our results offer a paradigm for analysing the fundamental problem of cell-membrane-penetrating bio- and macro-molecules.