Gender differences in the specificity of alcoholism transmission among the relatives of opioid addicts.
Gender differences in the specificity of alcoholism transmission among the relatives of opioid addicts.
复制标题
阿片类药物成瘾者亲属中酒精中毒传播特异性的性别差异。
DOI：
10.1097/00005053-199107000-00002
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Merikangas,K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kosten,TR;Rounsaville,BJ;Kosten,TA;Merikangas,K
在201名阿片类药物成瘾者及其877名一级亲属中，使用直接访谈和基于情感障碍和精神分裂症研究诊断标准的结构化家族史方法，检查了药物与酒精传播特异性的性别差异。一个强有力的关联，父母酗酒与酗酒的先证者成瘾者被发现，这表明药物与酒精滥用的一些特异性。我们还发现，在477名兄弟姐妹中，那些单独酗酒的人没有吸毒的父母，而那些吸毒的父母没有单独酗酒的孩子。酗酒女性的父母酗酒率高于酗酒男性先证者，这表明酗酒女性需要更大的“负荷”。这种增加的负荷在妇女中也被发现在兄弟姐妹中，但酗酒的父母似乎将一种非特异性的药物或酒精滥用倾向传给了他们的女孩。因此，女性可能需要更大的“剂量”的父母传播才能成为药物滥用者，酗酒的传播可能只发生在男性身上，而不发生在女性身上。
Gender differences in the specificity of drug versus alcohol transmission were examined among 201 opioid addicts and their 877 first-degree relatives using direct interviews and a structured family history method based on the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Research Diagnostic Criteria. A strong association of parental alcoholism with alcoholism among the proband addicts was found, suggesting some specificity for drug versus alcohol abuse. We also found that among the 477 siblings, those with alcoholism alone did not have parents with drug abuse and those parents with drug abuse did not have children with alcoholism alone. Rates of parental alcoholism were higher in alcoholic female than in alcoholic male probands, suggesting greater female “loading” was needed in order to become alcoholic. This increased loading in women was also found among the siblings, but alcoholic parents appeared to transmit a nonspecific tendency for either drug or alcohol abuse to their female children. Thus, it may take a greater “dose” of parental transmission for a woman to become a substance abuser, and transmission of alcoholism may be specific in men, but not in women.