Behind the scenes of differentiated integration: circumventing national opt-outs in Justice and Home Affairs
Behind the scenes of differentiated integration: circumventing national opt-outs in Justice and Home Affairs
复制标题
差异化一体化的幕后：规避司法和内政事务中的国家选择退出
DOI：
10.1080/13501760802453239
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Rebecca Adler‐Nissen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rebecca Adler‐Nissen
本文考察了英国和丹麦在司法和内政领域的正式和非正式做法。从表面上看，两国都选择避免在这一政策领域内进一步融合，以维护国家自主权。外交政策专家认为，国家保留会导致影响力的丧失，并可能导致二等成员国地位的丧失，法律的学者将实质性的退出描述为对共同体既有成果的“劫持”。这篇文章表明，选择退出并不一定意味着成员国被冷落。有人认为，英国和丹麦都有影响力，并适应新的欧盟立法，即使是在其议定书所涵盖的政治敏感领域。在以协商一致为导向的理事会中，各国选择退出的做法被务实地规避了。
This article examines the formal and informal practices of two champions of opting out, the United Kingdom and Denmark, in the area of Justice and Home Affairs. On the surface, both countries have chosen to avoid further integration within this policy area to safeguard national autonomy. Foreign policy experts have argued that national reservations lead to the loss of influence and possibly second-class membership, and legal scholars describe substantial opt-outs as a ‘hijacking’ of the acquis communautaire. This article demonstrates that opting out does not necessarily imply that member states are out in the cold. Both the UK and Denmark, it is argued, have influence and adapt to new EU legislation, even in politically sensitive areas covered by their protocols. National opt-outs are pragmatically circumvented in the consensus-oriented Council of Ministers.