Effect of Childhood Poverty and Trauma on Adult Depressive Symptoms Among Young Men in Peri-Urban South African Settlements
Effect of Childhood Poverty and Trauma on Adult Depressive Symptoms Among Young Men in Peri-Urban South African Settlements
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.07.026
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Christofides, Nicola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hatcher, Abigail M.;Gibbs, Andrew;Christofides, Nicola
目的：抑郁症导致年轻男性的健康下降，但人们对童年创伤以及贫困如何改变年轻人的抑郁症状知之甚少。这些生命历程的动态是特别研究不足，在African settings.Methods：我们评估了如何童年创伤和贫困与抑郁症的年轻男性（18-30岁）。数据是通过在南非两个城郊住区进行的社区调查收集的。经验证的措施评估了儿童虐待，抑郁症和粮食不安全。儿童贫困和年轻成人的社会经济predictors的标记也assessed.Results：共有2,427名年轻男子报告低水平的收入，粮食安全和教育。三分之一的样本（39.2%）报告的症状与可能的抑郁症一致。大多数人（76.9%）报告了一种或多种形式的儿童虐待，这是由儿童饥饿预测的。与没有童年创伤的同龄人相比，儿童期遭受过身体、性或心理虐待的人日后出现抑郁症状的风险更高（校正比值比[AOR]分别为2.37，2.42，2.39）。一个完全饱和的线性混合模型显示，每种形式的儿童期创伤都可以预测成年后抑郁症的增加，身体、性和心理虐待的组合强烈预测抑郁症状的增加（coef = 6.78，95%CI = 5.78-8.17）。在所有的模型中，儿童贫困和成人贫困独立预测年轻的成年人depressive symptoms.Conclusion：家庭贫困可能是一个关键的原因，儿童经历虐待，反过来，常见的精神障碍，在年轻的成年。粮食安全、就业和养育子女方面的结构性干预措施对于打破城市周边地区贫穷、创伤和健康的代际关系至关重要。(c)2018年青少年健康和医学协会。这是一个CC BY-NC-ND许可下的开放获取文章。(http：//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）
Purpose: Depressive disorders contribute to health declines among young men, but little is known about how childhood trauma alongside poverty alters depressive symptoms in young adulthood. These life-course dynamics are particularly under-researched in African settings.Methods: We assessed how childhood trauma and poverty were associated with depressive symptomology among young men (aged 18-30 years). Data were collected through community-based surveys in two peri-urban, South African settlements. Validated measures assessed childhood abuse, depressive symptomology, and food insecurity. Markers of childhood poverty and young adult socioeconomic predictors were also assessed.Results: A total of 2,427 young men reported low levels of income, food security, and education. One-third of the sample (39.2%) reported symptoms consistent with probable depression. The majority (76.9%) reported one or more forms of childhood abuse, which was predicted by childhood hunger. Compared with counterparts without childhood trauma, those with physical, sexual, or psychological childhood abuse had a higher risk of later depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.37,2.42,2.39, respectively). A fully saturated linear mixed model showed each form of childhood trauma predicted increased depressive symptomology in adulthood, with the combination of physical, sexual, and psychological abuse strongly predicting increased depressive symptoms (coef = 6.78, 95% CI = 5.78-8.17). In all models, childhood poverty and adult poverty independently predicted young adult depressive symptoms.Conclusion: Household poverty may be a key reason that children experience abuse and, in turn, common mental disorders in young adulthood. Structural interventions for food security, employment, and parenting are essential to break the intergenerational nexus of poverty, trauma, and health in peri-urban settings. (c) 2018 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)