Phenotypic and genetic associations between feeding behavior and carcass merit in crossbred growing cattle
Phenotypic and genetic associations between feeding behavior and carcass merit in crossbred growing cattle
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DOI：
10.1093/jas/skab285
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发表时间：
2021-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Berry, Donagh P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kelly, David N.;Sleator, Roy D.;Berry, Donagh P.
在生长牛中，饲养行为与活体动物超声测量和随后的胴体品质之间的表型和遗传关系通常特征不佳。本研究的目的是量化的表型和遗传之间的关联过多的饲养行为性状与屠宰前的超声性状和屠宰后的胴体凭证杂交牛牛。有3,146头年轻公牛、阉牛和小母牛的胴体数据可用，其中2,795头和2,445头分别有屠宰前超声肌肉深度和肌内脂肪百分比的记录;共有1,548头阉牛和小母牛有关于所有进食行为、超声和胴体性状的信息。年轻的公牛被喂食浓缩物，而阉牛和小母牛被喂食完全混合的口粮。进食行为特征基于个体进食事件或进餐事件（即，分组为膳食的单独进食事件）。使用动物线性混合模型估计（协）方差分量。摄食行为和超声波和胴体性状之间的表型相关性一般较弱，没有不同的零，虽然有胴体重量和摄食率，每饲料事件的能量摄入量，每餐的能量摄入量，分别为0.40，0.26和0.37之间的表型相关性。从遗传学上讲，胴体重量较重、胴体形态较好或屠宰率较高的牛每天饲喂时间较短（遗传相关性[+/- SE]分别为-0.46 +/- 0.12、-0.39 +/- 0.11和-0.50 +/- 0.10）。估计敷料差异之间的遗传相关为0.43 +/- 0.12和0.68 +/- 0.13（即，屠宰前活重和胴体重之间的差异）和每次饲喂事件的能量摄入量以及每餐的能量摄入量。无论是在活动物上测量的肌内脂肪百分比还是胴体脂肪评分（即，屠体皮下脂肪覆盖的量度）与任何进食行为特征在遗传上相关。一些摄食行为性状和超声波和胴体性状之间的遗传关联表明，间接的反应，在饲养行为的生长牛从选择改善胴体的优点将是预期的。通过测量牛的摄食行为并将其纳入多性状选择指数中，可以减少牛摄食行为模式的这种变化。
In growing cattle, the phenotypic and genetic relationships between feeding behavior and both live animal ultrasound measures and subsequent carcass merit are generally poorly characterized. The objective of the current study was to quantify the phenotypic and genetic associations between a plethora of feeding behavior traits with both pre-slaughter ultrasound traits and post-slaughter carcass credentials in crossbred Bos taurus cattle. Carcass data were available on 3,146 young bulls, steers, and heifers, of which 2,795 and 2,445 also had records for pre-slaughter ultrasound muscle depth and intramuscular fat percentage, respectively; a total of 1,548 steers and heifers had information on all of the feeding behavior, ultrasound, and carcass traits. Young bulls were fed concentrates, while steers and heifers were fed a total mixed ration. Feeding behavior traits were defined based on individual feed events or meal events (i.e., individual feed events grouped into meals). Animal linear mixed models were used to estimate (co)variance components. Phenotypic correlations between feeding behavior and both ultrasound and carcass traits were generally weak and not different from zero, although there were phenotypic correlations of 0.40, 0.26, and 0.37 between carcass weight and feeding rate, energy intake per feed event, and energy intake per meal, respectively. Genetically, cattle that had heavier carcass weights, better carcass conformation, or a higher dressing percentage fed for a shorter time per day (genetic correlations [+/- SE] of -0.46 +/- 0.12, -0.39 +/- 0.11, and -0.50 +/- 0.10, respectively). Genetic correlations of 0.43 +/- 0.12 and 0.68 +/- 0.13 were estimated between dressing difference (i.e., differential between live weight pre-slaughter and carcass weight) and energy intake per feed event and energy intake per meal, respectively. Neither intramuscular fat percentage measured on live animals nor carcass fat score (i.e., a measure of subcutaneous fat cover of the carcass) was genetically associated with any of the feeding behavior traits. The genetic associations between some feeding behavior traits and both ultrasound and carcass traits herein suggested that indirect responses in the feeding behavior of growing cattle from selection for improved carcass merit would be expected. Such changes in feeding behavior patterns in cattle may be reduced by measuring and including feeding behavior in a multipletrait selection index alongside carcass traits.