The tubulin code in platelet biogenesis.
The tubulin code in platelet biogenesis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.01.010
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发表时间：
2022-02
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Quentin Kimmerlin;C. Strassel;A. Eckly;F. Lanza
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quentin Kimmerlin;C. Strassel;A. Eckly;F. Lanza
血小板是一种小的无核细胞碎片，可以预防和阻止血小板减少。它们在骨髓中由巨核细胞通过巨核生成产生。这个复杂的过程涉及深刻的微管重排，最终形成一个独特的圆形亚膜微管阵列，边缘带，支持血小板的典型盘状形态。从机制上讲，这些过程被认为是由特定的微管蛋白代码控制的。本文综述了微管蛋白β 1-、α 4A-和α 8-的主要亚型及其翻译后修饰在血小板和边缘带形成中的作用。此外，我们提供了一个临时的微管相关蛋白（MAPs）参与这些过程和微管蛋白变异的调查，发现在有缺陷的血小板生成的患者。在不久的将来，血小板微管蛋白编码的全面表征和必要的MAP的鉴定可能会在非常专业的微管组装过程中应用于血小板疾病和输血方面带来新的曙光。
Blood platelets are small non-nucleated cellular fragments that prevent and stop hemorrhages. They are produced in the bone marrow by megakaryocytes through megakaryopoiesis. This intricate process involves profound microtubule rearrangements culminating in the formation of a unique circular sub-membranous microtubule array, the marginal band, which supports the typical disc-shaped morphology of platelets. Mechanistically, these processes are thought to be controlled by a specific tubulin code. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the key isotypes, notably β1-, α4A- and α8-tubulin, and putative post-translational modifications, involved in platelet and marginal band formation. Additionally, we provide a provisional list of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) involved in these processes and a survey of tubulin variants identified in patients presenting defective platelet production. A comprehensive characterization of the platelet tubulin code and the identification of essential MAPs may be expected in the near future to shed new light on a very specialized microtubule assembly process with applications in platelet diseases and transfusion.