Polyandry in the ectoparasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis despite complex precopulatory and postcopulatory mate-guarding
Polyandry in the ectoparasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis despite complex precopulatory and postcopulatory mate-guarding
复制标题
尽管复杂的交配前和交配后配偶保护，外寄生桡足类鲑鱼的一妻多夫现象
DOI：
10.3354/meps303225
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
M. Ritchie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Todd;Rebecca J. Stevenson;H. Reinardy;M. Ritchie
鲑麻风病（Lepeophtheirus salmonis，Kroyer）是北大西洋养殖鲑科鱼类的重要经济害虫，与野生鲑科鱼类种群数量的减少有关。雄性在将一对生殖器柄粘合到雌性的生殖器复合体之后使新蜕皮的成年雌性授精。雌性可以在几个月内产生多对卵串，但据报道，该物种是一夫一妻制的，这是由于雌性的交配导管被精荚小管堵塞的结果。在野生和养殖的大西洋鲑鱼萨尔莫salar L.，分别有88%和78%的成年雌性海虱具有典型的一对精囊，而11%和19%的成年雌性海虱没有精囊。极少数个体（1%野生，3%养殖）有3或4个精囊，这表明明显成功的多次交配是可能的。通过对7只携带4个精囊的雌性中的3只和携带单对精囊的3只进行后代的双位点微卫星分型，证实了多父性。也许野生鱼类的大多数雌性会失去它们最初的精囊，并且在它们延长的产卵寿命期间是一夫多妻制的，尽管第一个雄性有效地阻塞了交配导管几乎可以肯定地确保最初几对卵串的单父性。男性面临的一妻多夫制或精子竞争的总体水平可能相对较低。本文讨论了多亲性的生态学意义，并将其与害虫综合治理结合起来，作为一种改良苜蓿的策略。鲑鱼感染影响野生和养殖鲑鱼。
Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Kroyer) is an economically important pest on cultured salmonids in the North Atlantic, and has been implicated in declines of some wild salmonid popula- tions. Males inseminate newly-moulted adult females following the cementing of a pair of sper- matophores to the female's genital complex. Females can produce multiple pairs of eggstrings over a period of months, but this species is reported to be monogamous as a result of blockage of the female's copulatory ducts by the spermatophore tubules. On wild and farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L., respectively, 88 and 78% adult females sea lice bore the typical pair of spermatophores, while 11 and 19% lacked spermatophores. A very few individuals (1% wild, 3% farmed) bore 3 or 4 spermatophores, showing that apparently successful multiple mating is possible. Multiple paternity was confirmed by dual-locus microsatellite typing of offspring for 3 of 7 females carrying 4 sper- matophores, but also for 2 of 3 females carrying a single pair of spermatophores. Probably most females on wild fish lose their initial spermatophores and are polygamous during their extended ovigerous lifetime, although effective blockage of the copulatory ducts by the first male almost cer- tainly assures single paternity of the first few pairs of eggstrings. The total level of polyandry or sperm competition faced by males may be relatively low. The ecological implications of multiple paternity are discussed within the context of integrated pest management as a strategy of ameliorating L. salmonis infestations impacting both wild and farmed salmonids.