Determinants of Life Satisfaction Among Immigrants from Western Countries and from the FSU in Israel
Determinants of Life Satisfaction Among Immigrants from Western Countries and from the FSU in Israel
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DOI：
10.1007/s11205-009-9490-1
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Amit, Karin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Amit, Karin
这项研究通过移民对新国家生活的满意度来考察移民融入社会的情况。虽然大多数关于移民融合的研究都集中在客观的融合参数上，如教育、职业和工资(例如，《朋友或陌生人：移民对美国经济的影响》中的Borjas)。基础书籍，纽约，1990年)，主观参数传统上受到的关注较少。然而，近年来越来越明显的是，主观认识在移民的社会融合过程中具有相当大的份量(McMichael和Manderson in Human Organ 63(1)：88-99,2004；Massey和Redstone in Soc Sci Q 87(5)：954-971,2006)。该研究小组由过去20年从两个不同来源地抵达以色列的犹太移民组成：西方国家和前苏联(FSU)。所有这些移民通常都受过高等教育和技能，但他们来自不同的社会和截然不同的动机。这项研究的目的是了解这些移民通过对以色列生活的满意而融入社会的情况，并了解解释这一现象的因素，同时考虑到移民群体之间的差异。调查结果基于2007年Ruppin的代表性调查数据(这项研究的数据是在以色列移民安置部的支持下获得的)，指出了正在讨论的两个移民群体之间的重大差异。与前苏联移民相比，西方移民对他们在以色列的生活更满意，在测试的大多数独立变量中得分都更高。预测移民生活满意度的多变量分析显示，报告满意度最高的是女性、宗教、生活水平高、没有受过学术教育、以色列身份认同较强(个人和他人认为的)。此外，不同的变量对每个移民群体的生活满意度都有预测作用。这些知识可能有助于以色列政策制定者处理高技能移民的移民和融入以色列社会的问题。
This study examines the integration of immigrants via their satisfaction with life in the new country. While most studies on immigrant integration have focused on objective integration parameters such as education, occupation and salary (e.g., Borjas in Friends or strangers: the impact of immigrants on the US economy. Basic Books, New York, 1990), subjective parameters have traditionally received less attention. However, in recent years it has become increasingly clear that subjective perceptions carry considerable weight in the social-integration process of immigrants (McMichael and Manderson in Human Organ 63(1):88-99, 2004; Massey and Redstone in Soc Sci Q 87(5):954-971, 2006). The study group consists of Jewish immigrants who arrived in Israel during the past two decades from two different regions of origin: Western countries, and the Former Soviet Union (FSU). All of these immigrants are generally highly educated and skilled, but they came to Israel from different societies and contrasting motives. The objective of this study is to learn about the integration of these immigrants via their satisfaction with life in Israel and to understand the factors that explain it, taking into account the differences between the immigrant groups. The findings, based on the 2007 Ruppin representative survey data (The data for this study was obtained with the support of the Israeli Ministry of Immigrant Absorption.), point to significant differences between the two immigrant groups under discussion. Western immigrants are more satisfied with their lives in Israel than FSU immigrants and have higher scores in most of the independent variables tested. The multivariate analyses for predicting an immigrant's life satisfaction reveal that those reporting the greatest satisfaction are women, religious, with a high standard of living, with no academic education, and stronger Israeli identity (personal and as perceived by others). In addition, different variables play a role in predicting the life satisfaction for each immigrant group. This knowledge may be of service to Israeli policymakers dealing with the immigration and integration of highly skilled immigrants in Israeli society.