The right to prevention and the challenges of reducing vulnerability to HIV in Brazil
The right to prevention and the challenges of reducing vulnerability to HIV in Brazil
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DOI：
10.1590/s0034-89102006000800015
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Barboza, Renato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Paiva, Vera;Pupo, Ligia Rivero;Barboza, Renato
该研究评估了巴西对联大特别会议制定的预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病目标的反应。该分析基于国家研究、性病/艾滋病国家计划的文件和信息以及州级行动计划和目标。巴西依靠各种预防政策来实现 2005 年联大特别会议提出的目标。这些目标包括：解决歧视问题、促进艾滋病毒检测、分发避孕药具、针具交换计划、在学校讨论性行为、针对性工作者和同性恋者的预防举措以及工作场所的预防。这些导致检测和安全套使用的增加。讨论了各种挑战，包括：克服行动计划的不连续性（特别是针对更弱势群体）、培训预防团队、加强对预防行动的数量和质量的监测以及克服区域、种族和性别不平等。结论是，预防权不是公共优先事项，也不在社会运动议程上。这与获得更好的艾滋病毒治疗的权利形成鲜明对比。为了提高这些计划的效力，建议在促进和保障人权的基础上理解和纳入这些计划，从而推动地方和国家层面的伦理/政治辩论。
The study evaluates the Brazilian response to the targets established by UNGASS for the prevention of HIV/AIDS. The analysis was based on national research, documents and information from the STD/AIDS National Program and on state-level action plans and targets. Brazil relies on various prevention policies to attain the UNGASS targets proposed for 2005. These include: addressing discrimination issues, promotion of HIV testing, distribution of contraceptives, needle exchange programs, discussion of sexuality in schools, prevention initiatives for sex workers and homosexuals and prevention in the workplace. These have resulted in increases in testing and condom use. Various challenges are discussed, including: overcoming discontinuity in action plans (particularly with more vulnerable groups), training prevention teams, increasing monitoring of quantity and quality of preventative actions and overcoming regional, racial and gender inequalities. It is concluded that the right to prevention is not a public priority, nor is it on the social movement agendas. This contrasts with the right to better HIV treatment. In order to increase the efficacy of these programs, it is suggested that they be understood and incorporated based on the promotion and guarantee of human rights, thereby advancing the ethical/political debate at local and national levels.