Nature inequity and higher COVID-19 case rates in less-green neighbourhoods in the United States
Nature inequity and higher COVID-19 case rates in less-green neighbourhoods in the United States
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41893-021-00781-9
复制
发表时间：
2021-10-11
影响因子：
27.6
通讯作者：
McDonald, Robert I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spotswood, Erica N.;Benjamin, Matthew;McDonald, Robert I.
获得绿地一直是关系到邻里不平等和健康结果的一个关键且有争议的问题。本分析着眼于新冠肺炎疫情与城市居民可获得性之间的相互作用。在新冠肺炎大流行期间，城市自然环境--如绿化和公园--可以缓解人们的痛苦，并为安全的娱乐活动提供空间。然而，在低收入人群和有色人种社区中，自然的存在往往较少--这些社区受到新冠肺炎的影响最严重。在对两个数据集的分析中，我们量化了美国所有城市化地区在绿色度和公园邻近度方面的不平等，并将绿色度和公园准入与17个州的邮政编码的新冠肺炎案例费率联系起来。有色人种占多数的地区发病率较高，但绿色度较低。此外，在控制社会人口学变量时，归一化植被指数每增加0.1，新冠肺炎发病率降低4.1%(95%可信区间：0.9-6.8%)。在美国各地，收入较低、有色人种占多数的街区群体绿色较少，公园也较少。我们的结果表明，受新冠肺炎影响最大的社区附近的自然环境也最少。鉴于城市自然与人类健康和生物多样性有关，这些结果在大流行期间和之后都具有深远的影响。
Access to green space has been a critical, and contentious, issue for neighbourhood inequality and health outcomes. This Analysis looks at how the COVID-19 pandemic interacts with availability of nature for urban residents.Urban nature-such as greenness and parks-can alleviate distress and provide space for safe recreation during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, nature is often less available in low-income populations and communities of colour-the same communities hardest hit by COVID-19. In analyses of two datasets, we quantified inequity in greenness and park proximity across all urbanized areas in the United States and linked greenness and park access to COVID-19 case rates for ZIP codes in 17 states. Areas with majority persons of colour had both higher case rates and less greenness. Furthermore, when controlling for sociodemographic variables, an increase of 0.1 in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was associated with a 4.1% decrease in COVID-19 incidence rates (95% confidence interval: 0.9-6.8%). Across the United States, block groups with lower income and majority persons of colour are less green and have fewer parks. Our results demonstrate that the communities most impacted by COVID-19 also have the least nature nearby. Given that urban nature is associated with both human health and biodiversity, these results have far-reaching implications both during and beyond the pandemic.