The Origins of Human Disease
The Origins of Human Disease
复制标题
人类疾病的起源
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
William H. McNeill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
William H. McNeill
本书标题中的“起源”有两个不同的含义。它可以指各种疾病在人类社会中出现的时间、地点和社会环境，但也可以指疾病可能影响个人的环境。麦基翁在这部遗作中谈到了这两个主题。第一部分“疾病史”确立了人类社会经历了狩猎采集、农业和工业三个阶段，每个阶段都有相应的一系列特征性疾病的命题。狩猎者和采集者主要遭受食物短缺。在农业时代，传染病成为疾病和死亡的主要原因。非传染性疾病在工业时代占据了重要地位。在这一类型学中，麦基翁强调营养是人类遇到疾病的主要决定因素。但他声称饥饿是导致
"Origins," as used in the title of this book, has two distinct meanings. It may refer to the time, place, and social circumstances under which various kinds of diseases arise among human communities, but it may also mean the circumstances under which diseases become likely to affect individuals. McKeown addresses both of these themes in this posthumous work. Part I, "Disease History" establishes the proposition that human society has passed through three stages—hunting and gathering, agriculture, and industry—and that each stage has its corresponding array of characteristic diseases. Hunters and gatherers suffered mainly from lack of food. Infectious diseases became the predominant causes of sickness and death in the agricultural age. Noncommunicable diseases have taken over pride of place in the age of industry. Throughout this typology, McKeown emphasizes nutrition as the main, ruling factor in human encounters with disease. But his claim that hunger was the main cause of