The computational support of scientific discovery
The computational support of scientific discovery
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DOI：
10.1006/ijhc.2000.0396
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Langley, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Langley, P
在本文中，我们回顾了人工智能在计算发现方面的研究及其在发现新科学知识方面的最新应用。我们描述了科学发现过程的五个历史阶段，我们用它作为描述应用程序的组织框架。我们还确定了五个不同的步骤，在此期间，开发人员或用户可以影响的计算发现系统的行为。与其像过去那样批评这种干预，我们建议将其作为使用发现软件的首选方法。作为这种人机合作优势的证据，我们报告了科学文献中出现的七个新颖的计算机辅助发现的例子。我们简要地考虑了人类在每种情况下所扮演的角色，然后更详细地研究了一种这样的相互作用。最后，我们建议未来的系统在发现过程中为人类干预提供更明确的支持。(C)北京大学出版社.
In this paper, we review AI research on computational discovery and its recent application to the discovery of new scientific knowledge. We characterize five historical stages of the scientific discovery process, which we use as an organizational framework in describing applications. We also identify five distinct steps during which developers or users can influence the behavior of a computational discovery system. Rather than criticizing such intervention, as done in the past, we recommend it as the preferred approach to using discovery software. As evidence for the advantages of such human-computer cooperation, we report seven examples of novel, computer-aided discoveries that have appeared in the scientific literature. We consider briefly the role that humans played in each case, then examine one such interaction in more detail. We close by recommending that future systems provide more explicit support for human intervention in the discovery process. (C) 2000 Academic Press.