Ddc and amd sequences resolve phylogenetic relationships of Drosophila.
Ddc and amd sequences resolve phylogenetic relationships of Drosophila.
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DOI：
10.1006/mpev.2001.0967
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发表时间：
2001-08
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
A. Tatarenkov;M. Žurovcová;F. Ayala
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Tatarenkov;M. Žurovcová;F. Ayala
果蝇科大约有3000个物种，即使以双翅目的标准来看，它也是庞大而多样的。这种多样性为生物学家提供了研究进化模式的独特机会，但也带来了分类学和其他方面的挑战。因此，传统的分类(例如，Wheeler，1981)与基于形态(Throckmorton，1975；GriMaldi，1990)或分子数据(Powell，1997)的系统发育关系是不一致的。Throckmorton(1975)和GriMaldi(1990)的两个全面的系统发育假说已经与最近的分子研究进行了验证，这些研究解决了它们之间的一些重要差异(见Remsen和DeSalle，1998；Tatarenkov等人，1999 a；Kwiatowski和Ayala，1999；Katoh等人，2000)。然而，许多系统发育关系仍未解决，例如，Hirtodrophila、Zaprionus、Dorsilopha和sg Drophila之间的系统发育关系(例如，Tatarenkov等人，1999a；Kwiatowski和Ayala，1999)。一些属，如柳蝇属和萨摩亚属，很少受到关注(Pélandakis和Solignac，1993；Tamura等人，1995；Tatarenkov等人，1999 a)，它们的系统发育位置在很大程度上仍不清楚。分子系统学的一个问题是分类群采样的不完整性。虽然一些研究将果蝇类群的代表包括在一起，但不同的研究往往包括不同的类群，这阻碍了构建可靠的更高水平的系统发育框架。我们试图在物种-群和更高分类水平上定义果蝇科的强大关系框架。我们调查了几个果蝇属和亚属的29种(表1)和具有代表性的种组中的两个核基因，即多巴脱羧酶(DDC)和甲基多巴(Amd)。这些是紧密相连的平行基因，由古老的基因复制产生(Eveleth和Marsh，1986；Tatarenkov等人，1999 b)。我们早些时候使用DDC来解决果蝇系统学的一些问题(Tatarenkov等人，1999 a)。我们现在扩展我们之前的研究，包括更长的ddc序列和一个新的基因amd的分类群，这个新基因以前只在黑腹黑腹水母中测序。
With about 3000 species, the family Drosophilidae is large and diverse even by Dipteran standards. This diversity provides biologists with distinctive opportunities to investigate evolutionary patterns, but also poses taxonomic and other challenges. Thus, the traditional classification (eg, Wheeler, 1981) is inconsistent with phylogenetic relationships based on morphology (Throckmorton, 1975; Grimaldi, 1990) or molecular data (review in Powell, 1997). The two comprehensive phylogenetic hypotheses of Throckmorton (1975) and Grimaldi (1990) have been tested against recent molecular studies, which have resolved some important discrepancies between them (see Remsen and DeSalle, 1998; Tatarenkov et al., 1999a; Kwiatowski and Ayala, 1999; Katoh et al., 2000). Yet, many phylogenetic relationships remain unsolved, such as those among Hirtodrosophila, Zaprionus, Dorsilopha, and sg Drosophila (eg, Tatarenkov et al., 1999a; Kwiatowski and Ayala, 1999). Some genera, such as Liodrosophila and Samoaia, have received scarce attention (Pélandakis and Solignac, 1993; Tamura et al., 1995; Tatarenkov et al., 1999a) and their phylogenetic placement remains largely unknown. One problem with the molecular phylogenies is the incompleteness of taxa sampling. Although representatives of some Drosophila groups have been included together in some studies, often different studies include different groups, which prevents construction of a reliable higher-level phylogenetic framework.We seek to define a robust framework of relationships in the Drosophilidae at the species-group and higher taxonomic levels. We have investigated 29 species (Table 1) from several drosophilid genera and subgenera and from representative species groups for two nuclear genes, dopa decarboxylase (Ddc) and-methyl dopa (amd). These are closely linked paralogous genes, arisen by an ancient gene duplication (Eveleth and Marsh, 1986; Tatarenkov et al., 1999b). We earlier used Ddc to address some issues of Drosophila systematics (Tatarenkov et al., 1999a). We now extend our previous investigation by including additional taxa for longer sequences of Ddc and a new gene, amd, which previously had been sequenced only in D. melanogaster