Mirroring and beyond: coupled dynamics as a generalized framework for modelling social interactions.
Mirroring and beyond: coupled dynamics as a generalized framework for modelling social interactions.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2015.0366
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发表时间：
2016-05-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Frith CD
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作者：
Hasson U;Frith CD
当人们相互观察时，行为一致性可以在许多层面上被检测到，从身体到精神。同样，当人们处理同样高度复杂的刺激序列时，如电影和故事，在引发的大脑活动中检测到对齐。在早期感觉区域，共享的神经模式与刺激的低水平属性（形状、运动、体积等）相耦合，而在高级大脑区域，共享的神经模式与刺激的高级方面（如意义）相关联。成功的社会互动需要这样的一致性（行为和神经），因为没有共同的理解，沟通就无法发生。然而，一旦我们开始互动，我们需要超越简单的对称（镜像）对齐。相互作用是动态的过程，涉及不断的相互适应、互补行为的发展和劳动分工，如领导者-追随者的角色。在这里，我们认为，互动的个人是动态耦合，而不是简单地对齐。这个更广泛的理解交互的框架可以包括行为和大脑活动相互反映的过程（神经对齐），以及一个参与者的行为和大脑活动与另一个参与者的动态耦合（但不是镜像）的情况。为了将这些对社会互动的更复杂的描述应用于对潜在神经过程的研究，我们需要开发新的实验范式和新的数据分析方法。
When people observe one another, behavioural alignment can be detected at many levels, from the physical to the mental. Likewise, when people process the same highly complex stimulus sequences, such as films and stories, alignment is detected in the elicited brain activity. In early sensory areas, shared neural patterns are coupled to the low-level properties of the stimulus (shape, motion, volume, etc.), while in high-order brain areas, shared neural patterns are coupled to high-levels aspects of the stimulus, such as meaning. Successful social interactions require such alignments (both behavioural and neural), as communication cannot occur without shared understanding. However, we need to go beyond simple, symmetric (mirror) alignment once we start interacting. Interactions are dynamic processes, which involve continuous mutual adaptation, development of complementary behaviour and division of labour such as leader–follower roles. Here, we argue that interacting individuals are dynamically coupled rather than simply aligned. This broader framework for understanding interactions can encompass both processes by which behaviour and brain activity mirror each other (neural alignment), and situations in which behaviour and brain activity in one participant are coupled (but not mirrored) to the dynamics in the other participant. To apply these more sophisticated accounts of social interactions to the study of the underlying neural processes we need to develop new experimental paradigms and novel methods of data analysis