Gossypium barbadense and Gossypium hirsutum genomes provide insights into the origin and evolution of allotetraploid cotton
Gossypium barbadense and Gossypium hirsutum genomes provide insights into the origin and evolution of allotetraploid cotton
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DOI：
10.1038/s41588-019-0371-5
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
30.8
通讯作者：
Zhang, Tianzhen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Yan;Chen, Jiedan;Zhang, Tianzhen
异源四倍体棉花是世界上重要的天然纤维生产作物。陆地棉经过多倍化处理后，与海岛棉相比，海岛棉进化出更高的纤维产量和更好地在恶劣环境中生存，海岛棉生产优质纤维。这些种间分歧的全球遗传和分子基础是未知的。在这里，我们报告高质量的从头组装的基因组，这两个栽培异源四倍体物种的显着改善重复DNA富集的着丝粒区域。全基因组比较分析表明，物种特异性的基因表达，结构变异和扩展的基因家族的变化是负责这些物种的物种形成和进化历史。这些发现有助于阐明棉花基因组的进化及其驯化历史。所产生的信息不仅可以使育种者提高纤维质量和对不断变化的环境条件的适应能力，而且还可以转化为其他作物，以更好地了解其驯化历史并用于改良。
Allotetraploid cotton is an economically important natural-fiber-producing crop worldwide. After polyploidization, Gossypium hirsutum L. evolved to produce a higher fiber yield and to better survive harsh environments than Gossypium barbadense, which produces superior-quality fibers. The global genetic and molecular bases for these interspecies divergences were unknown. Here we report high-quality de novo-assembled genomes for these two cultivated allotetraploid species with pronounced improvement in repetitive-DNA-enriched centromeric regions. Whole-genome comparative analyses revealed that species-specific alterations in gene expression, structural variations and expanded gene families were responsible for speciation and the evolutionary history of these species. These findings help to elucidate the evolution of cotton genomes and their domestication history. The information generated not only should enable breeders to improve fiber quality and resilience to ever-changing environmental conditions but also can be translated to other crops for better understanding of their domestication history and use in improvement.