Hepatic granulomas induced by glucan. An ultrastructural and peroxidase-cytochemical study.
Hepatic granulomas induced by glucan. An ultrastructural and peroxidase-cytochemical study.
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葡聚糖诱发的肝肉芽肿。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Fahimi
中科院分区：
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作者：
W. Deimann;H. Fahimi
通过注射葡聚糖（一种对巨噬细胞具有激活作用的β-1，30-葡聚糖）在大鼠肝脏中诱导肉芽肿。用戊二醛灌注固定肝脏，并进行过氧化物酶（PO）的细胞化学定位以及扫描和透射电镜检查。通过光学显微镜，肉芽肿表现为遍布肝实质的球形细胞簇。它们在外周表现出较强的PO活性，在中心表现出弱至阴性反应。大多数肉芽肿与邻近的窦状隙直接连续。形态测定显示，在葡聚糖治疗后10天，肉芽肿的体积增加到总实质体积的约10%，在90天时减少到不到2%。通过扫描电子显微镜，肉芽肿周围的大多数细胞被许多大泡和皱褶覆盖，这是活化的巨噬细胞的典型表面特征。通过透射电镜观察，典型的肉芽肿由单核吞噬细胞、巨细胞和少量淋巴细胞组成。吞噬细胞对葡聚糖的吞噬作用表现出三种不同的PO模式：（1）核膜和内质网PO活性强，胞浆颗粒PO活性弱，（2）核膜和内质网PO反应弱或不强，胞浆内无PO阳性颗粒;（3）核膜和内质网无反应，但有少量强染色的胞质颗粒。第一种细胞类型，类似枯否细胞，主要发现在肉芽肿周边。第二种细胞类型，鉴定为上皮样细胞，超微结构和第三种细胞类型，单核细胞的PO功能，主要发现在肉芽肿的中心。肉芽肿中心的多核巨细胞核被膜和内质网PO反应弱至阴性，并含有大量葡聚糖颗粒。这些观察结果表明，肉芽肿中心的大多数细胞，包括巨细胞，来自血液单核细胞。另一方面，外周的单核吞噬细胞似乎大部分是前库普弗细胞。
Granulomas were induced in rat liver by the injection of glucan, a beta-1,30-polyglucose with an activating effect on macrophages. The livers were fixed by perfusion with glutaraldehyde and processed for cytochemical localization of peroxidase (PO) as well as for scanning and transmission electron microscopy. By light microscopy the granulomas appeared as spherical cell clusters located throughout the liver parenchyma. They exhibited strong PO activity at the periphery with weak to negative reaction at the center. Most granulomas were in direct continuity with adjacent sinusoids. Morphometry revealed that the volume of granulomas increased to about 10 per cent of the total parenchymal volume at 10 days after glucan treatment, decreasing to less than 2% at 90 days. By scanning electron microscopy most cells at the periphery of granulomas were covered with numerous blebs and ruffles, the typical surface features of activated macrophages. By transmission electron microscopy the typical granulomas consisted of mononuclear phagocytes, giant cells, and a few lymphocytes. The phagocytes, as identified by phagocytosis of glucan, exhibited three distinct PO patterns: (1) strong PO activity in the nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum with no activity in cytoplasmic granules; (2) weak or absent reaction in nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum with no PO-positive granules in cytoplasm; and (3) absent reaction in nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum but with a few strongly stained cytoplasmic granules. The first cell type, resembling Kupffer cells, was found mainly at the granuloma periphery. The second cell type, identified ultrastructurally as epithelioid cells, and the third cell type, with PO features of monocytes, were found mainly in the center of granulomas. The multinucleated giant cells which were also present in the center of granulomas exhibited weak to negative PO reaction in nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum and contained large numbers of glucan particles. These observations suggest that most cells in the center of the granulomas, including the giant cells, are derived from blood monocytes. The mononuclear phagocytes at the periphery, on the other hand, seem to be for the most part former Kupffer cells.