Gecko diversity: a history of global discovery
Gecko diversity: a history of global discovery
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DOI：
10.1163/22244662-bja10003
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
P. Uetz;A. Slavenko;Shai Meiri;M. Heinicke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Uetz;A. Slavenko;Shai Meiri;M. Heinicke
截至2019年12月，已发现壁虎1935种（和224个亚种），分属7科124属。这近2000个物种被约950个个体描述，其中超过100个个体描述了10个以上的壁虎物种。大多数壁虎物种是在过去40年中发现的。目前已知的所有壁虎（包括亚种）的主要模式标本分布在全世界161个标本馆，其中20个标本馆约占所有主要类型的三分之二。约有40个壁虎分类群的原始模式标本已经丢失或未知。壁虎的生殖发育研究得很好，大约76%的壁虎有DNA序列（相比之下，其他爬行动物只有63%），现在数据库中收集了形态特征。从地理上讲，壁虎分布在五大洲和许多岛屿上，但在澳大拉西亚（也是家庭级别分类群多样性最大的地方），东南亚，非洲，马达加斯加和西印度群岛的物种最丰富。在国家中，澳大利亚拥有最多的壁虎（241种），印度，马达加斯加和马来西亚是唯一的其他国家，每个国家都有超过100种壁虎。正如预期的那样，当校正土地面积时，热带以外的国家壁虎较少。
1935 gecko species (and 224 subspecies) were known in December 2019 in seven families and 124 genera. These nearly 2000 species were described by ~950 individuals of whom more than 100 described more than 10 gecko species each. Most gecko species were discovered during the past 40 years. The primary type specimens of all currently recognized geckos (including subspecies) are distributed over 161 collections worldwide, with 20 collections having about two thirds of all primary types. The primary type specimens of about 40 gecko taxa have been lost or unknown. The phylogeny of geckos is well studied, with DNA sequences being available for ~76% of all geckos (compared to ~63% in other reptiles) and morphological characters now being collected in databases. Geographically, geckos occur on five continents and many islands but are most species-rich in Australasia (which also houses the greatest diversity of family-level taxa), Southeast Asia, Africa, Madagascar, and the West Indies. Among countries, Australia has the highest number of geckos (241 species), with India, Madagascar, and Malaysia being the only other countries with more than 100 described species each. As expected, when correcting for land area, countries outside the tropics have fewer geckos.