Decentralized systems for the treatment of antimicrobial compounds released from hospital aquatic wastes.
Decentralized systems for the treatment of antimicrobial compounds released from hospital aquatic wastes.
复制标题
用于处理医院水生废物中释放的抗菌化合物的分散系统。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156569
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sharma M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sharma M
在许多发展中国家，未经处理的医院污水与城市污水同时排放和处理。但是，如果不单独处理医院废水，则由于抗菌基因和微生物可能在环境中运输，它们会对健康构成威胁。这种废水被认为是一些可能具有传染性的微生物、废弃的抗菌素化合物和其他可能促进抗菌素耐药性发展的污染物的点源。在排放之前去除这些污染物可以减少抗菌剂对环境的暴露，这应该会降低超级细菌发展的风险。在污水排放现场，对含有抗菌剂的废水进行适当的预处理，可以最大限度地提高生态影响，同时潜在地降低对人类健康的风险。为了解决这些问题，本文回顾了分散处理系统在降低废水中抗菌剂浓度方面的应用。讨论了分散式废水处理系统中最常用的现场去除抗菌素的技术，证据表明混合技术应该对有效去除抗菌素更有用。综上所述，在行政部门、卫生行业、水处理部门和公众的合作下，分散处理技术可以有效地增强抗菌化合物的去除，从而降低因微生物产生耐药性而释放到环境中的污染物浓度，从而对人类和生态健康构成风险。
In many developing countries, untreated hospital effluents are discharged and treated simultaneously with municipal wastewater. However, if the hospital effluents are not treated separately, they pose concerning health risks due to the possible transport of the antimicrobial genes and microbes in the environment. Such effluent is considered as a point source for a number of potentially infectious microorganisms, waste antimicrobial compounds and other contaminants that could promote antimicrobial resistance development. The removal of these contaminants prior to discharge reduces the exposure of antimicrobials to the environment and this should lower the risk of superbug development. At an effluent discharge site, suitable pre-treatment of wastewater containing antimicrobials could maximise the ecological impact with potentially reduced risk to human health. In addressing these points, this paper reviews the applications of decentralized treatment systems toward reducing the concentration of antimicrobials in wastewater. The most commonly used techniques in decentralized wastewater treatment systems for onsite removal of antimicrobials were discussed and evidence suggests that hybrid techniques should be more useful for the efficient removal of antimicrobials. It is concluded that alongside the cooperation of administration departments, health industries, water treatment authorities and general public, decentralized treatment technology can efficiently enhance the removal of antimicrobial compounds, thereby decreasing the concentration of contaminants released to the environment that could pose risks to human and ecological health due to development of antimicrobial resistance in microbes.