Early steps in microbial colonization processes at deep-sea hydrothermal vents
Early steps in microbial colonization processes at deep-sea hydrothermal vents
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2003.00557.x
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Cambon-Bonavita, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alain, K;Zbinden, M;Cambon-Bonavita, MA
采用多学科原位定殖实验研究了深海喷口Alvinella spp.蠕虫栖息地将四种定殖装置部署到Alvinella spp.东太平洋海隆（EPR 13 degreesN）不同烟囱的殖民地，两个不同的时期：短（不到一周）和长（3周）。在定殖实验期间进行了热和物理化学条件的视频成像和监测。在器械上观察到许多携带专门的粘附附件和/或大量聚合细胞外基质的微生物，这可能有效地促进新表面的定植。在Alvinella spp之前和伴随的微生物队列。定居点已确定。在所有的情况下，不能检测到细菌，微生物垫基本上是由ε-变形菌。在这组中，一种α-淀粉酶类型（AlviH 2）被发现占主导地位的图书馆的三个殖民装置。ε-变形菌在文库中的优势可能反映了该组中遇到的广泛的生理多样性或这些微生物对它们不断变化的环境的适应性。从20天内形成的一个微生物垫中分离出属于噬细胞-黄杆菌-拟杆菌群或ε-变形杆菌的细菌，这些细菌通过发酵以化学-有机异养方式生长，或以H（2）作为电子供体和Sdegree/S（2）O（3）（2-）或NO（3）（-）作为末端电子受体以化学无机自养方式生长。
A pluri-disciplinary in situ colonization experiment was performed to study early stages of colonization in deep-sea vent Alvinella spp. worm habitats. Four colonization devices were deployed onto Alvinella spp. colonies of different chimneys of the East-Pacific Rise (EPR 13degreesN), for two different periods: a short (less than a week) and a longer one (3 weeks). Video imagery and monitoring of the thermal and physico-chemical conditions were performed during the colonization experiments. Numerous microorganisms bearing specialized adhesion-appendages and/or high amounts of polymeric extracellular matrix were observed on devices, which may efficiently contribute to the colonization of new surfaces. The microbial cohorts preceding and accompanying Alvinella spp. settlement were identified. In all cases, Archaea could not be detected and the microbial mats were essentially composed of epsilon-Proteobacteria. Within this group, one phylotype (AlviH2) was found to dominate the libraries of three colonization devices. Dominance of epsilon-Proteobacteria in the libraries may reflect the wide physiological variety encountered within this group or an adaptability of these microorganisms towards their changing environment. Bacteria affiliated to the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides group or to the epsilon-Proteobacteria, that grow either chemo-organoheterotrophically by fermentation or chemolithoautotrophically with H(2) as an electron donor and Sdegrees/S(2)O(3)(2-) or NO(3)(-) as a terminal electron acceptor, were isolated from one of the microbial mat formed in 20 days.