Language and other regression: Assessment and timing
Language and other regression: Assessment and timing
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DOI：
10.1023/b:jadd.0000005998.47370.ef
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Spence, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldberg, WA;Osann, K;Spence, MA
父母和临床认知以及技能丧失报告的差异阻碍了对自闭症回归的理解。这项研究引入了一种工具，即回归补充表，旨在补充自闭症诊断访谈修订版，并提供有关回归的类型和时间以及与技能丧失和恢复同时发生的事件的精确信息。数据收集自 44 名患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童（38 名男性，6 名女性；平均年龄 = 6 岁）的父母（37 名自闭症，7 名广泛性发育障碍 - 未另有说明）。家长对自闭症诊断访谈修订版的反应表明，他们在早期发育过程中丧失了技能。出现的退化情况包括平均在 18 至 21 个月之间丧失技能，仅语言退化比仅丧失其他非语言技能或完全退化（语言和其他技能丧失）更常见。在非语言领域，退行的发生通常是渐进的，并且分为语言技能的逐渐丧失和突然丧失。一些孩子在失去其他非语言技能之前就发育异常，也就是说，他们会说第一句话的年龄被推迟到两岁或以上。父母倾向于将损失归因于免疫接种等医疗因素。许多孩子在 3.5 至 5 岁时重新获得了一些失去的技能，治疗和指导干预措施被认为是恢复的功劳。
Understanding of regression in autism has been hampered by variability in parental and clinical recognition and reporting of lost skills. This study introduced an instrument, the Regression Supplement Form, intended to supplement the Autism Diagnosis Interview-Revised and yield precise information about the types and timing of regression and events concurrent with loss and regain of skills. Data were collected from parents of 44 children (38 male, 6 female; mean age = 6 years) with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (37 Autistic Disorder, 7 Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified). Parental responses on the Autism Diagnosis Interview-Revised indicated loss of skills during early development. The profile of regression that emerged included loss of skills between 18 and 21 months, on average, with language-only regression less common than loss of other, nonlanguage skills only or of full regression (loss of language and other skills). The onset of regression typically was gradual in nonlanguage areas and split between gradual and sudden loss for language skills. Some of the children were developing atypically before they lost other, nonlanguage skills, that is, their age at first words was delayed until age 2 years or older. Parents tended to attribute loss to medical factors such as immunizations. Many of the children regained some of the lost skills when they were 3.5-5 years of age, with therapeutic and instructional interventions given credit for the regain.