New Insights into Classical Novae
New Insights into Classical Novae
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-astro-112420-114502
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
33.3
通讯作者：
L. Chomiuk;B. Metzger;K. Shen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Chomiuk;B. Metzger;K. Shen
我们调查我们的理解经典新星非终端，热核爆发的表面上的白色矮星的二元系统。最近意外地发现来自银河系新星的GeV伽马射线，突出了新星的复杂性及其作为研究冲击和粒子加速实验室的价值。我们通过这个新的透镜回顾了半个世纪的新星文献，并得出以下结论：超新星的热核逃逸理论的基础被观测所证实。这颗白色矮星在逃逸后的一段时间内维持着表面的核燃烧，直到最近，人们普遍认为这种核燃烧的辐射完全决定了新星的热光度。新星从双星系统中喷射物质的过程仍然知之甚少。新星的质量损失是复杂的（有时在速率，速度和形态上波动），并且通常持续数周，数月或数年。▪质量喷射的复杂性导致新星喷射物内部产生伽马射线冲击。当探测到伽马射线时（在光学最大值附近），冲击波深深地嵌入其中，周围的气体非常密集。对相关光学和伽马射线光变曲线的观测证实，激波是辐射性的，对新星的热光度有很大贡献。因此，新星是最接近和最常见的相互作用动力瞬变。天文学和天体物理学年度评论第59卷的预计最终在线出版日期为2021年9月。请访问http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates了解修订后的估计数。
We survey our understanding of classical novae—nonterminal, thermonuclear eruptions on the surfaces of white dwarfs in binary systems. The recent and unexpected discovery of GeV gamma rays from Galactic novae has highlighted the complexity of novae and their value as laboratories for studying shocks and particle acceleration. We review half a century of nova literature through this new lens, and conclude the following: ▪ The basics of the thermonuclear runaway theory of novae are confirmed by observations. The white dwarf sustains surface nuclear burning for some time after runaway, and until recently, it was commonly believed that radiation from this nuclear burning solely determines the nova's bolometric luminosity. ▪ The processes by which novae eject material from the binary system remain poorly understood. Mass loss from novae is complex (sometimes fluctuating in rate, velocity, and morphology) and often prolonged in time over weeks, months, or years. ▪ The complexity of the mass ejection leads to gamma-ray-producing shocks internal to the nova ejecta. When gamma rays are detected (around optical maximum), the shocks are deeply embedded and the surrounding gas is very dense. ▪ Observations of correlated optical and gamma-ray light curves confirm that the shocks are radiative and contribute significantly to the bolometric luminosity of novae. Novae are therefore the closest and most common interaction-powered transients. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 59 is September 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.