Establishment of Rat Models of Different Pathological Types of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Using Pigeon Droppings
Establishment of Rat Models of Different Pathological Types of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Using Pigeon Droppings
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DOI：
10.1159/000516233
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发表时间：
2021-06-17
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Yang, Xiaohong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Yafang;Lian, Zhichuang;Yang, Xiaohong
背景：过敏性肺炎(HP)的发病机制和肺组织病理学特征尚不完全清楚。因此，我们建立了不同阶段的幽门螺杆菌动物模型，旨在为该病的研究提供支持。方法：以新鲜鸽毛、皮屑等为原料，制成冻干变应原粉剂，建立不同病理类型的鸽子肺大鼠模型。用冻干鸽粪变应原粉悬液建立两种大鼠HP模型，一种是雾化吸入，一种是呼吸道滴注，不同时间后处死大鼠，观察肺组织的病理变化。结果：吸入变应原后40周，模型组以肉芽肿为主，未见纤维化改变。造模20周时，第1组(低剂量+2次/周)和2组(中剂量+2次/周)均有肉芽肿改变，但未见纤维化；第3组(高剂量+1次/周)和第4组(高剂量+每周2次)均有明显的肺纤维化改变，但第4组大鼠死亡率较高。结论：雾化吸入和呼吸道滴注冻干鸽变应原粉剂均可成功建立幽门螺杆菌模型。气道滴注法可在短时间内引起肺纤维化改变，动物模型肺组织病理改变表现出明显的时间-剂量效应。
Background: The pathogenesis and pulmonary histopathological characteristics of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) are not yet fully understood. Therefore, we established animal models of HP of different stages, aiming to provide support for research on this disease. Methods: We established rat models of pigeon breeder's lung of different pathological types by creating freeze-dried allergen powder from fresh pigeon feathers, dander, and other droppings. Freeze-dried allergen powder suspensions of pigeon droppings were used to establish 2 rat models of HP, one by aerosol inhalation and one by airway instillation, and the rats were sacrificed after different lengths of time to observe the pathological changes in their lung tissues. Results: By the 40th week after allergen inhalation, granulomas were the main changes in the model, without fibrotic changes. When using airway instillation to establish the model, at the 20th week, group 1 (low dose + twice/week) and group 2 (medium dose + twice/week) showed granuloma changes, but no fibrosis; group 3 (high dose + once/week) and group 4 (high dose + twice/week) both showed obvious pulmonary fibrotic changes, but the death rate of rats in group 4 was greater. Conclusions: Both aerosol inhalation and airway instillation of freeze-dried pigeon allergen powder can successfully establish an HP model. The airway instillation method can cause pulmonary fibrotic changes in a short time, and the pulmonary pathological changes of animal models manifest with an obvious time-dose effect.