Declines in the tuber-feeding waterbird guild at Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve, China - a barometer of submerged macrophyte collapse
Declines in the tuber-feeding waterbird guild at Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve, China - a barometer of submerged macrophyte collapse
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DOI：
10.1002/aqc.1154
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Wang, Si Long
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox, Anthony D.;Cao, Lei;Wang, Si Long
1.长江漫滩是全球独一无二的广泛短暂的湿地，补充夏季季风降水。每年一次的洪水和地下水位下降有利于沉水植物，包括在干燥基质中作为块茎越冬的苦草，这为该地区以前丰富的块茎喂养水鸟提供了高能量的冬季食物。在以块茎为食的水鸟天鹅鹅中，2004/2005 - 2009/2010年安徽升金湖冻原天鹅天鹅Cygnus columbianus（Ord）和白头鹤起重机Grus monacha Temminck的食物可获得性发生了重大变化.根据对这些物种的摄食行为和能量收支的观察，计算出2004年和2005年至少需要5.0和8.9平方公里的苦草床才能支持这些物种的观测数量，而2009年和2010年发现的数量不到1.5平方公里。2000年夏季的一项不完整的大型植物调查发现，上湖至少有7.7 km（2）的苦草床，2008年和2009年的调查中没有发现。升金湖食块茎水鸟数量的减少与其沉水植物食物植物的消失相吻合，这可能是2000年代中期以来富营养化的结果。在长江漫滩的其他地方，以块茎为食的越冬水鸟的广泛减少和集中也可能反映了当地沉水植物的崩溃和这些湿地为人类社区提供的生态系统服务。版权所有（C）2010约翰威利父子有限公司
1. The Yangtze floodplain is globally unique for its extensive ephemeral wetlands, recharged by summer monsoon precipitation. The annual cycle of inundation and water table recession favours submerged macrophytes, including Vallisneria that overwinters in desiccated substrates as tubers, which provide high-energy winter food for tuber-feeding waterbirds that were formerly abundant in the region.2. Large declines among the tuber-feeding waterbirds swan goose Anser cygnoides (L.), tundra swan Cygnus columbianus (Ord) and hooded crane Grus monacha Temminck between 2004/2005 and 2009/2010 at Shengjin Lake, Anhui Province, suggest that major changes in food availability have occurred there.3. Based on observations of feeding behaviour and energy budgets of these species, it was calculated that at least 5.0 and 8.9 km(2) of Vallisneria beds in 2004 and 2005, respectively, would be needed to support observed numbers of these species, compared with less than 1.5 km(2) found in 2009 and 2010.4. An incomplete macrophyte survey in summer 2000 located at least 7.7 km(2) of Vallisneria beds in the Upper Lake, where none was present during resurveys in 2008 and 2009. Declines in tuber-feeding waterbirds at Shengjin Lake coincide with the disappearance of their submerged macrophyte food plants, possibly as a result of eutrophication since the mid-2000s.5. Widespread declines and concentration of tuber-eating wintering waterbirds at other sites elsewhere in the Yangtze floodplain may also reflect the local collapse of submerged macrophytes and of ecosystem services that these wetlands provide to the human communities. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.