A meta-analysis of brief alcohol interventions for adolescents and young adults: variability in effects across alcohol measures.
A meta-analysis of brief alcohol interventions for adolescents and young adults: variability in effects across alcohol measures.
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DOI：
10.3109/00952990.2015.1136638
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Risser MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tanner-Smith EE;Risser MD
简短的酒精干预措施是减少青少年饮酒的一种方法，但其有效性可能会有所不同，具体取决于用于衡量效果的酒精评估类型。进行一项荟萃分析，检查短期酒精干预措施对青少年和年轻人的有效性，特别强调探索结果测量特征的影响差异。符合条件的研究是那些使用实验或准实验设计来检验短暂酒精干预对 11-30 岁青少年干预后酒精使用测量的影响的研究。综合文献综述确定了荟萃分析中包含的 190 个独特样本。采用贝叶斯方法，我们使用随机效应多级模型来估计结果测量类型的平均效应和模型变异性。短暂的酒精干预导致青少年（= 0.25，95% CrI [0.13，0.37]）和年轻人（= 0.15，95% CrI [0.12，0.18]）自我报告的饮酒量显着减少。这些结果在不同参考期的结果中是一致的，但在结果构建类型和评估工具中有所不同。在青少年中，使用时间轴追踪进行测量时，效果更大；在年轻人中，使用酒精使用障碍识别测试进行测量时，效果较小。短暂的酒精干预对青少年饮酒的有益影响的强度可能会根据所采用的结果衡量标准而有所不同。尽管如此，各种措施都观察到了显着的效果。尽管效果不大，但具有临床意义，并且有望阻止青少年有问题的饮酒轨迹。
Brief alcohol interventions are one approach for reducing drinking among youth, but may vary in effectiveness depending on the type of alcohol assessments used to measure effects. To conduct a meta-analysis that examined the effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions for adolescents and young adults, with particular emphasis on exploring variability in effects across outcome measurement characteristics. Eligible studies were those using an experimental or quasi-experimental design to examine the effects of a brief alcohol intervention on a post-intervention alcohol use measure for youth ages 11–30. A comprehensive literature review identified 190 unique samples that were included in the meta-analysis. Taking a Bayesian approach, we used random-effects multilevel models to estimate the average effect and model variability across outcome measurement types. Brief alcohol interventions led to significant reductions in self-reported alcohol use among adolescents ( = 0.25, 95% CrI [0.13, 0.37]) and young adults ( = 0.15, 95% CrI [0.12, 0.18]). These results were consistent across outcomes with varying reference periods, but varied across outcome construct type and assessment instruments. Among adolescents, effects were larger when measured using the Timeline Followback; among young adults, effects were smaller when measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. The strength of the beneficial effects of brief alcohol interventions on youth’s alcohol use may vary depending upon the outcome measure utilized. Nevertheless, significant effects were observed across measures. Although effects were modest in size, they were clinically significant and show promise for interrupting problematic alcohol use trajectories among youth.