Electromagnetic Interference of Avalanche Transceivers with Cardiac Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
Electromagnetic Interference of Avalanche Transceivers with Cardiac Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
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DOI：
10.1111/pace.12159
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Roser, Mattias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dorenkamp, Marc;Blaschke, Florian;Roser, Mattias
背景：雪崩收发机是定位被雪崩掩埋的人的基本工具。在过去的几年里，雪崩收发机已经变得广泛可用和负担得起，但它们是否是植入的心脏装置的电磁干扰源在很大程度上尚不清楚。方法：101例患者，其中41例植入起搏器，60例植入ICD，平均年龄66+/-15岁。在发射模式和接收模式下，对四个雪崩收发机(Piep DSP[Piep GmbH，LEBING，奥地利]、Ortovox x1、Ortovox m2和Ortovox F1[Otovox Sportartikel GmbH，Taufkirchen])进行了评估。体表心电图、心内心电图和标记通道由经验丰富的内科医生连续记录和观察。将电磁干扰事件分为直接干扰植入装置本身的功能或不影响装置功能的遥测通信干扰。结果：所有患者均未发现起搏器或ICD的固有功能受到干扰。48%的患者共发生120次遥测干扰。在这些发作中，404例中的112例(28%)发生在发送模式中，而404例中的8例(2%)发生在接收模式(P<；0.0001)。数字雪崩收发机的遥测干扰(20/202；10%)显著低于模拟收发机(Ortovox F1)(39/202；19%)(P=0.0108)。结论：雪崩收发机对心脏起搏器和ICD患者安全。尽管观察到遥测干扰，但植入设备的内在功能从未受到影响。
Background: Avalanche transceivers are essentials tools in locating persons who were buried by an avalanche. In the past few years, avalanche transceivers have become widely available and affordable, but it is largely unknown whether they are a source of electromagnetic interference for implanted cardiac devices. We aimed to determine the potential interaction between avalanche transceivers and pacemakers or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs).Methods: One hundred and one patients, 41 with pacemakers and 60 with ICDs, were enrolled (mean age 66 +/- 15 years). Four avalanche transceivers (Pieps DSP [Pieps GmbH, Lebring, Austria], Ortovox x1, Ortovox m2, and Ortovox f1 [Otovox Sportartikel GmbH, Taufkirchen, Germany]) were evaluated in transmit as well as in receive mode. Surface electrocardiograms, intracardiac electrograms, and marker channels were continuously recorded and observed by an experienced physician. Electromagnetic interference events were categorized as direct interference with the function of the implanted device itself or as interference with the telemetric communication without compromising device function.Results: Among all patients, there was no interference with the intrinsic function of their pacemakers or ICDs. A total of 120 episodes of telemetry interference occurred in 48% of the patients. Of those episodes, 112 of 404 (28%) were observed in transmit and eight of 404 (2%) in receive mode (P < 0.0001). The digital avalanche transceiver (Pieps DSP) was associated with significantly less telemetry interference (20/202; 10%) than the analog transceiver (Ortovox f1) (39/202; 19%) (P = 0.0108).Conclusions: Avalanche transceivers are safe for patients with pacemakers and ICDs. Despite the observed telemetry interferences, the intrinsic function of the implanted devices was never compromised.