Pedagogic notes on Thomas-Fermi theory (and on some improvements): atoms, stars, and the stability of bulk matter
Pedagogic notes on Thomas-Fermi theory (and on some improvements): atoms, stars, and the stability of bulk matter
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托马斯-费米理论（以及一些改进）的教学笔记：原子、恒星和大块物质的稳定性
DOI：
10.1103/revmodphys.63.151
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
L. Spruch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Spruch
自半经典的费米子-费米子理论问世以来的半个多世纪里，已经有成千上万篇基于该理论的论文发表，它们涵盖了原子的束缚态和散射问题。(The理论也被应用于核物理和固体问题。我们将集中在这里的本质理论，即它的实施的不确定性和不相容原则和库仑或牛顿力定律。由于我们通常对物理概念的兴趣远远超过对数值准确性或严谨性的兴趣，因此我们有时会以定性而非定量的方式考虑实现。这样，该理论就只能给出关于系统的定性信息-例如，人们可以得到原子的基态总结合能{ital E}和半径{ital R}对核电荷{ital Z}的依赖关系，但只能得到数值系数的粗略估计;作为补偿，这些计算通常是微不足道的，比已经很简单的费米子-费米计算简单得多。
In the more than half century since the semiclassical Thomas-Fermi theory of the atom was introduced, there have been literally thousands of publications based on that theory; they encompass a broad range of atomic bound-state and scattering problems. (The theory has also been applied to nuclear physics and solid-state problems.) We will concentrate here on the essence of the theory, namely, its implementation of the uncertainty and exclusion principles and of the Coulomb or Newton force law. Since we are often far more interested in physical concepts than in numerical accuracy or rigor, we will sometimes consider the implementation in a qualitative rather than quantitative fashion. The theory is then capable of giving only qualitative information about a system---one obtains the dependence of the total ground-state binding energy {ital E} and radius {ital R} of an atom on the nuclear charge {ital Z}, for example, but one obtains only rough estimates of the numerical coefficients; in compensation, the calculations are often literally trivial, very much simpler than the already simple Thomas-Fermi calculations.