The post-2015 agenda: staying the course in maternal and child survival
The post-2015 agenda: staying the course in maternal and child survival
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DOI：
10.1136/archdischild-2013-305737
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Requejo, Jennifer Harris;Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
在本文中，我们利用2015年倒计时和其他来源的现有证据，说明将妇女和儿童置于2015年后取代千年发展目标框架的下一个发展议程的核心。我们提供了在分别实现千年发展目标4和5、降低儿童死亡率和改善孕产妇保健方面的全球进展情况的最新情况，表明尽管死亡率已大幅降低，但通过现有的具有成本效益的干预措施，每天可以挽救更多妇女和儿童的生命。我们描述了导致孕产妇和儿童健康状况不佳的关键根本决定因素，以及需要采取协调良好的综合办法来解决这些问题，例如，结合采取针对营养的敏感干预措施，以减少普遍的营养不良，针对服务不足的人群采取干预措施，以减少获得保健服务方面的不平等现象，并通过改善获得教育和赚取收入的机会来提高妇女的社会地位。在人口增长势头和诸如最近的埃博拉疫情和其他人道主义危机等紧急情况之后，必须加强卫生系统，以便能够应对这些压力。最后，我们强调，在今后的日子里，必须优先考虑妇女和儿童健康这一尚未完成的事业，结束可预防的孕产妇和儿童死亡不仅是一项道德义务，而且是可以实现的，对向前发展的可持续发展至关重要。
In this article, we draw on available evidence from Countdown to 2015 and other sources to make the case for keeping women and children at the heart of the next development agenda that will replace the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) framework after 2015. We provide a status update on global progress in achieving MDGs 4 and 5, reduce child mortality and improve maternal health, respectively - showing that although considerable mortality reductions have been achieved, many more women's and children's lives can be saved every day through available, cost effective interventions. We describe key underlying determinants of poor maternal and child health outcomes and the need for well-coordinated, comprehensive approaches for addressing them such as introducing a combination of nutrition specific and sensitive interventions to reduce pervasive malnutrition, targeting interventions to the underserved to reduce inequities in access to care, and increasing women's social status through improved access to education and income-earning opportunities. In the wake of population momentum and emergencies such as the recent ebola outbreak and other humanitarian crises, health systems must be strengthened to be able to respond to these pressures. In conclusion, we underscore that the unfinished business of women's and children's health must be prioritized in the days ahead, and that ending preventable maternal and child deaths is not only a moral obligation but is achievable and essential to sustainable development moving forward.