Sexuality education policies and sexually transmitted disease rates in the United States of America
Sexuality education policies and sexually transmitted disease rates in the United States of America
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DOI：
10.1258/ijsa.2010.009589
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Aral, S. O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hogben, M.;Chesson, H.;Aral, S. O.
这项研究的目的是测试州级性教育政策和性传播疾病(STD)发病率之间的关系。我们分析了2001-2005年美国淋病和衣原体感染的病例报告，对照国家性教育禁欲覆盖面的政策，使用每个州认定为黑人(15-24岁)的人口比例作为协变量。我们还测试了对15-19岁的人和35-39岁的人的影响和肺结核发生率(后者是为了确保研究结果只适用于性病)。没有强制规定禁欲的国家在总人口和青少年中的平均感染率最低。强调禁欲的州的比例最高；而有权涵盖(但不是强调)禁欲的州介于两者之间。覆盖禁欲的一些州的比率变化比其他州快，这反映在下降幅度较大(淋病)或上升较慢(衣原体感染)。这些影响在肺结核或35-39岁的人群中没有表现出来。没有禁欲教育政策对青少年性病患病率没有明显影响。对于失业率较高的州来说，强制覆盖的政策可能是有用的，尽管强调禁欲的政策没有任何好处。
The aim of the study was to test for relationships between state-level sex educational policies and sexually transmitted disease (STD) rates. We analysed US case reports of gonorrhoea and chlamydial infection for 2001-2005 against state policies for abstinence coverage in sexuality education, using the proportion of the population per state who identified as black (aged 15-24 years) as a covariate. We also tested for effects on 15-19 year olds versus 35-39 year olds and tuberculosis rates (the latter to ensure findings applied only to STD). States with no mandates for abstinence had the lowest mean rates of infection among the overall population and among adolescents. States with mandates emphasizing abstinence had the highest rates; states with mandates to cover (but not emphasize) abstinence fell in between. Rates in some states covering abstinence changed faster than in others, as reflected in sharper declines (gonorrhoea) or slower increases (chlamydial infection). These effects were not shown for tuberculosis or 35-39 year olds. Having no abstinence education policy has no apparent effect on STD rates for adolescents. For states with elevated rates, policies mandating coverage may be useful, although policies emphasizing abstinence show no benefit.