Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer at Heading Stage Improves Rice Quality under Elevated Temperature during Grain-Filling Stage
Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer at Heading Stage Improves Rice Quality under Elevated Temperature during Grain-Filling Stage
复制标题
DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2016.05.0350
复制
发表时间：
2017-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Ding, Yanfeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dou, Zhi;Tang, She;Ding, Yanfeng
全球变暖会恶化稻米（Oryza sativa L.）的品质，尤其是白垩特性。为了更好地应对全球变暖的挑战，研究了灌浆期高温下抽穗期氮肥对稻米品质的影响。进行了四种不同的生长模式，包括抽穗期不施氮肥增温（CK）、抽穗期不施氮肥增温（ET）、抽穗期施氮肥增温（ET+N）、抽穗期不施氮肥增温（CK+N）。通过自然通风升温设施提高了灌浆期间的温度，ET 提高了 4 摄氏度，ET+N 提高了 3.7 摄氏度。结果表明，温度升高降低了稻米的外观品质和蒸煮品质，但提高了稻米的营养品质和食味品质。在灌浆早期，温度升高明显加快了籽粒灌浆速率和优质小穗和劣质小穗的淀粉体发育。抽穗期施用氮肥可以抑制水稻品质的恶化，特别是粉笔性能的恶化，并可能与降低灌浆率和淀粉体发育有关。上述证据表明，抽穗期施用氮肥可有效缓解长江流域高温条件下稻米品质的恶化。
Global warming would deteriorate rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality, especially chalk characteristic. To better cope with the challenges from global warming, the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer at heading stage on rice quality under elevated temperature during grain-filling stage were investigated. Four different growth regimes, including no warming without N fertilizer at heading stage (CK), elevated temperature without N fertilizer at heading stage (ET), elevated temperature with N fertilizer at heading stage (ET+N), no warming with N fertilizer at heading stage (CK+N), were conducted. Elevated temperature during grain filling was achieved by a free-air temperature enhancement facility with the increase of 4 degrees C in ET and 3.7 degrees C in ET+N. Results showed that elevated temperature decreased rice appearance quality and cooking quality and increased rice nutritional quality and eating quality. Grain-filling rate and amyloplast development for both superior and inferior spikelets were obviously accelerated during early grain-filling stage by elevated temperature. The application of N fertilizer at heading stage could inhibit the deterioration of rice quality, particularly for chalk performance, and may be associated with the alleviation of grain-filling rate and amyloplast development. The above evidence indicated that the application of N fertilizer at heading stage is efficient to mitigate rice quality deterioration under higher temperatures in the Yangtze River Valley.