Psychological predictors of good health in three longitudinal samples of educated midlife women
Psychological predictors of good health in three longitudinal samples of educated midlife women
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-6133.17.5.412
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发表时间：
1998-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Wink, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adams, SH;Cartwright, LK;Wink, P
在3个纵向的女性样本中，研究了认知和情感人格变量-智力效率(IE)、焦虑和敌意-与身体健康观察者评级之间的同时和纵向关联：Mills纵向研究(n=101)；Radcliffe研究(RS，n=118)；加州大学旧金山研究(n=44)。观察员对健康的评级是基于参与者对健康问题的报告。加州心理学问卷(H.G.Gough，1996)IE、敌意和焦虑量表在时间1和时间2被用在所有研究中，除了RS，在时间1时Zung焦虑(W.K.Zung，1971)和心境状态简介(D.M.McNair，M.Lorr，&L.F.Droppleman，1971)。在大多数分析中，IE与健康呈正相关，而焦虑和敌意与健康呈负相关。IE是健康的最强独立预测因子，表明认知特征可能在健康中起着重要作用，应该进一步研究。
Concurrent and longitudinal associations between cognitive and affective personality variables-intellectual efficiency (IE), anxiety, and hostility-and observer ratings of physical health were examined in 3 longitudinal samples of women: Mills Longitudinal Study (n = 101); Radcliffe Study (RS, n = 118); and University of California, San Francisco Study (n = 44). Observer ratings of health were based on participants' reports of health problems. The California Psychological Inventory (H. G. Gough, 1996) IE, Hostility and Anxiety Scales were used in all studies at Times 1 and 2, except in RS, when at Time 1 the Zung Anxiety (W.. K. Zung, 1971) and the Profile of Mood States (D. M. McNair, M. Lorr, & L. F. Droppleman, 1971) Hostility Scales were used. In the majority of analyses, IE was positively associated with good health, and Anxiety and Hostility were negatively associated with health. IE was the strongest independent predictor of health, indicating that cognitive characteristics may have an important role in health and should be examined further.