Extraordinary large brains in tool-using New Caledonian crows (Corvus moneduloides)
Extraordinary large brains in tool-using New Caledonian crows (Corvus moneduloides)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neulet.2008.01.026
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发表时间：
2008-03-15
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hunt, Gavin R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cnotka, Julia;Guentuerkuen, Onur;Hunt, Gavin R.
在鸟类和哺乳动物中，大脑重量和较高的认知能力之间存在普遍的相关性。在鸟类中，这种关系在乌鸦中尤为明显。这些动物以其灵活的行为和解决问题的能力而闻名，它们的大脑相对较大，与大脑皮质扩大有关。在行为层面上，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦在乌鸦中脱颖而出，因为它们在野外和实验室中都拥有令人印象深刻的物体操纵技能。然而，关于它们大脑的相对大小，我们一无所知。在这里，我们表明，与大多数其他已被研究的鸟类相比，NC乌鸦的大脑具有高度的脑化。我们比较了5只NC乌鸦和4种雀形目鸟类(7只欧洲腐肉乌鸦、2只欧洲喜鹊、3只欧洲松鸦和4只家养麻雀)的相对大脑大小，发现NC乌鸦的大脑明显更大。仅与七只腐肉乌鸦进行比较，也发现NC乌鸦的大脑明显更大。与文献中140种鸟类的大脑数据相比，NC乌鸦的脑化程度是最高的之一，超过了数据集中的其他7种Corvidae。(C)2008爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
A general correlation exists between brain weight and higher cognitive ability in birds and mammals. In birds this relationship is especially evident in corvids. These animals are well-known for their flexible behavior and problem-solving abilities, and have relatively large brains associated with a pallial enlargement. At the behavioral level, New Caledonian crows stand out amongst corvids because of their impressive object manipulation skills both in the wild and in the laboratory. However, nothing is known about the relative size of their brains. Here we show that NC crows have highly encephalised brains relative to most other birds that have been studied. We compared the relative brain size of five NC crows with combined data for four passerine species (7 European carrion crows, 2 European magpies, 3 European jays and 4 domestic sparrows) and found that NC crows had significantly larger brains. A comparison only with the seven carrion crows also revealed significantly larger brains for NC crows. When compared with brain data for 140 avian species from the literature, the NC crow had one of the highest degrees of encephalisation, exceeding that of the 7 other Corvidae in the data set. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.