Making eye contact without awareness
Making eye contact without awareness
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2015.06.012
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Sterzer, Philipp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rothkirch, Marcus;Madipakkam, Apoorva Rajiv;Sterzer, Philipp
直接凝视是一种强有力的非语言信号，它在两个人之间建立了交流联系，为进一步的互动奠定了基础。尽管有意识地用直接凝视的面孔吸引注意力，但即使在没有意识的情况下，是否存在对这些具有社会意义的刺激的注意力偏好仍是未知的。在两个实验中，我们记录了参与者在接触到直接和回避凝视的面孔时的眼球运动，这些面孔因眼睛间的抑制而变得不可见。在手动强制选择任务中，参与者无法正确猜测面孔的出现，这表明他们完全没有意识到面孔的存在。然而，与回避凝视相比，眼球运动优先指向有直接凝视的面孔，这表明即使在没有意识到的情况下，眼睛对他人的凝视方向也是特定的敏感。这种眼球运动偏好表明，快速而自动地建立相互眼神接触构成了一种生物学优势，这可能是由人类大脑中快速的皮质下通路介导的。(C)2015爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Direct gaze is a potent non-verbal signal that establishes a communicative connection between two individuals, setting the course for further interactions. Although consciously perceived faces with direct gaze have been shown to capture attention, it is unknown whether an attentional preference for these socially meaningful stimuli exists even in the absence of awareness. In two experiments, we recorded participants' eye movements while they were exposed to faces with direct and averted gaze rendered invisible by interocular suppression. Participants' inability to correctly guess the occurrence of the faces in a manual forced-choice task demonstrated complete unawareness of the faces. However, eye movements were preferentially directed towards faces with direct compared to averted gaze, indicating a specific sensitivity to others' gaze directions even without awareness. This oculomotor preference suggests that a rapid and automatic establishment of mutual eye contact constitutes a biological advantage, which could be mediated by fast subcortical pathways in the human brain. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.