Individual Variation in a Japanese Sentence Comprehension Task: Form, Functions, and Strategies
Individual Variation in a Japanese Sentence Comprehension Task: Form, Functions, and Strategies
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日语句子理解任务中的个体差异：形式、功能和策略
DOI：
10.1093/applin/18.4.508
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Yoshinori Sasaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoshinori Sasaki
本文对Sasaki关于日语句子理解策略的竞赛实验进行了跟踪分析。基于个体的分析与先前报道的组统计进行了对比。本研究采用竞争实验的方法，考察了以英语为母语的日语学习者对双宾语主动致使句和及物致使句的加工策略，以及即时错误反馈对双宾语主动致使句和及物致使句加工的影响。六名母语为日语的人和九名JFL学习者参加了这项研究。参与者被要求识别一系列日语句子中主要词汇动词（“doers”）的代理人，每个句子由一个动词和三个名词短语组成，其中词序和情况标记线索相互竞争或一致。（这些都是合乎语法的句子：也就是说，它们在形态句法上是良好的。此外，这些句子都是语义上可解释的。在研究的第一部分（前测试）和最后一部分（后测试），参与者没有收到关于他们回答准确性的反馈，而在中间部分，他们收到了即时反馈。刺激句子是这样的，听众可以确定名词短语（演员，致使者或接受者）的语义角色，只有考虑到情况标记和动词的声音（主动与使役）。分析表明，每个群体内存在巨大的个体差异。一些学习者表现出明显的词序偏好，一个子集的母语日本人显示出更强的词序依赖比学习者，在这种程度上，他们优于学习者在解释非规范句子的准确性。最后，从工作记忆限制的角度对实验结果进行了解释，并对进一步的研究方向进行了讨论
This article reports on follow-up analyses of Sasaki's (in press) competition experiment study of Japanese sentence comprehension strategies. Individualbased analyses are contrasted with group statistics which were reported earlier. A competition experiment was conducted to investigate the double-object active and transitive causative sentence processing strategies by English-speaking learners of Japanese (JFL learners), and how immediate error feedback affects them. Six native Japanese speakers and nine JFL learners participated in the study. The participants were required to identify the agents of the main lexical verb ('doers') in a series of Japanese sentences, each consisting of one verb and three noun phrases, in which word order and case-marking cues either competed or were consistent with each other. (These were all grammatical sentences: i.e. they were morphosyntactically well formed. Also, the sentences were all semantically interpretable. ) In the first (pre-test) and last (post-test) parts of the study participants received no feedback as to the accuracy of their responses, whereas in the middle part they received immediate feedback. The stimulus sentences were such that a listener could determine the semantic role of noun phrases (actor, causer, or recipient) only by taking into consideration both the case markers and the verb's voice (active vs. causative). The analyses indicated tremendous individual differences within each group. Some learners demonstrated an evident word order bias, and a subset of the native Japanese revealed an even stronger word order dependency than the learners, to such an extent that they were outperformed by learners in the accuracy in interpreting non-canonical sentences. The results are explained in terms of the working memory constraint, and directions of further research are discussed