No evidence for loss of short-wavelength sensitive cone photoreceptors in normal ageing of the primate retina.
No evidence for loss of short-wavelength sensitive cone photoreceptors in normal ageing of the primate retina.
复制标题
没有证据表明灵长类视网膜正常衰老过程中短波长敏感的视锥细胞会丧失。
DOI：
10.1038/srep46346
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Jeffery,Glen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weinrich,TobiasW;Powner,MichaelB;Lynch,Aisling;Jonnal,RaviS;Werner,JohnS;Jeffery,Glen
在包括人类在内的东半球灵长类动物中，视锥感光细胞根据其在短(S，蓝)、中(M，绿)或长(L，红)波长的最大灵敏度而被分类。颜色辨别研究表明，S视锥通路选择性地受到年龄和疾病的影响，心理物理模型表明它们的丢失。光感受器具有很高的新陈代谢需求，容易受到年龄或疾病相关的氧气和营养供应损失的影响。因此，30%的燃料棒在使用过程中会丢失。虽然在球果中看不到类似的损失，但S球果只占球果种群的不到10%，因此在总计数中不会发现显著的损失。在这里，我们观察了幼年和老年灵长类动物视网膜的染色，以区分S和M/L视锥细胞。我们发现在两种锥体类型中都没有与年龄相关的视锥丢失，并且S视锥在老年灵长类和年轻灵长类中的分布是规则的。我们认为，S-锥体代谢比M/L的代谢更不灵活，使他们更容易受到正常细胞功能缺陷的影响。缺氧是视网膜老化的一个特征，因为细胞外碎片在光感受器和它们的血液供应之间积累，这可能会影响S视锥的功能。然而，这些细胞仍然留在老化的视网膜中，这表明功能恢复的可能性。
In old world primates including humans, cone photoreceptors are classified according to their maximal sensitivity at either short (S, blue), middle (M, green) or long (L, red) wavelengths. Colour discrimination studies show that the S-cone pathway is selectively affected by age and disease, and psychophysical models implicate their loss. Photoreceptors have high metabolic demand and are susceptible to age or disease-related losses in oxygen and nutrient supply. Hence 30% of rods are lost over life. While comparable losses are not seen in cones, S-cones comprise less than 10% of the cone population, so significant loss would be undetected in total counts. Here we examine young and aged primate retinae stained to distinguish S from M/L-cones. We show there is no age-related cone loss in either cone type and that S-cones are as regularly distributed in old as young primates. We propose that S-cone metabolism is less flexible than in their M/L counterparts, making them more susceptible to deficits in normal cellular function. Hypoxia is a feature of the ageing retina as extracellular debris accumulates between photoreceptors and their blood supply which likely impacts S-cone function. However, that these cells remain in the ageing retina suggests the potential for functional restoration.