Argument marking in ditransitive alignment types
Argument marking in ditransitive alignment types
复制标题
双及物对齐类型中的参数标记
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
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通讯作者：
Martin Haspelmath
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文献类型：
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作者：
Martin Haspelmath
在句法类型学中，单及物性对齐类型，特别是作格性和双及物性对齐类型，是近几十年来的一个主要研究课题（参见狄克逊1994）。（1）中所示的画面已经成为标准的教科书智慧。如果我们使用众所周知的角色原型S（不及物动词的单论元），A（及物动词施事式论元）和P（及物动词的受事式论元），我们可以说，如果S和A被同等对待，而不是P，（如图1a）;如果这三个都被同等对待，我们得到中性排列（如图1b）;如果S和P被同等对待，而不是A，我们得到作格排列（如图1c）。
In syntactic typology, the monotransitive alignment types, in particular accusativity and ergativity, have been a major topic of research in recent decades (see Dixon 1994 for an overview). The picture that is shown in (1) has become standard textbook wisdom. If we use the well-known role-prototypes S (single argument of intransitive verb), A (agent-like argument of transitive verb) and P (patient-like argument of transitive verb), we can say that if S and A are treated alike as opposed to P, we get accusative alignment (as in 1a); if all three are treated alike, we get neutral alignment (as in 1b); and if S and P are treated alike as opposed to A, we get ergative alignment (as in 1c).