Transgenic Pm3 multilines of wheat show increased powdery mildew resistance in the field
Transgenic Pm3 multilines of wheat show increased powdery mildew resistance in the field
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00670.x
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Keller, Beat
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brunner, Susanne;Stirnweis, Daniel;Keller, Beat
抗性基因能有效地保护植物免受病害的侵害，但当它们存在于广泛种植的品种中时，许多都会被迅速克服。为了克服这种缺乏持久性，已经提出了增加宿主抗性多样性的策略。其中之一是使用由含有不同抗病基因的近等基因系（NIL）组成的多系。与通过反复回交的经典R基因渐渗相反，转基因方法允许开发具有相同遗传背景的品系，仅在单个R基因上不同。我们已经使用小麦抗性基因座Pm 3的等位基因，赋予小麦白粉病（Blumeria graminis f.小麦（Pm3a、Pm3c、Pm3d、Pm3f或Pm3g）的转基因小麦品系。在田间试验中，所有测试的转基因株系比它们各自的未转化的姊妹株系显著更抗性。转基因Pm3品系的抗性水平主要由对白粉病群体中特定Pm3等位基因的毒力频率、Pm3表达水平以及最可能的等位基因特异性特性来确定。我们通过混合亲本系Bobwhite和转基因Pm3a、Pm3b和Pm3d系的种子创建了六个双向多系。在田间试验中，Pm3多系的抗性高于其组分。这表明，在一个单一的R基因的差异是足以引起主机多样性的影响和多线的转基因Pm3小麦品系代表一个有前途的策略，有效和可持续利用的Pm3等位基因。
Resistance (R) genes protect plants very effectively from disease, but many of them are rapidly overcome when present in widely grown cultivars. To overcome this lack of durability, strategies that increase host resistance diversity have been proposed. Among them is the use of multilines composed of near-isogenic lines (NILs) containing different disease resistance genes. In contrast to classical R-gene introgression by recurrent backcrossing, a transgenic approach allows the development of lines with identical genetic background, differing only in a single R gene. We have used alleles of the resistance locus Pm3 in wheat, conferring race-specific resistance to wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici), to develop transgenic wheat lines overexpressing Pm3a, Pm3c, Pm3d, Pm3f or Pm3g. In field experiments, all tested transgenic lines were significantly more resistant than their respective nontransformed sister lines. The resistance level of the transgenic Pm3 lines was determined mainly by the frequency of virulence to the particular Pm3 allele in the powdery mildew population, Pm3 expression levels and most likely also allele-specific properties. We created six two-way multilines by mixing seeds of the parental line Bobwhite and transgenic Pm3a, Pm3b and Pm3d lines. The Pm3 multilines were more resistant than their components when tested in the field. This demonstrates that the difference in a single R gene is sufficient to cause host-diversity effects and that multilines of transgenic Pm3 wheat lines represent a promising strategy for an effective and sustainable use of Pm3 alleles.