Plant-pollinator networks: adding the pollinator's perspective
Plant-pollinator networks: adding the pollinator's perspective
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01296.x
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Navarro, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bosch, Jordi;Martin Gonzalez, Ana M.;Navarro, David
传粉网络研究是基于对焦点植物进行的传粉者调查。这种以植物为中心的方法提供了关于稀有传粉昆虫物种访花习惯的不足信息，这些传粉昆虫物种在传粉昆虫群落中占多数。因此，授粉网络包含与单一植物物种（极端专家）相关的授粉物种的比例非常高，这与广泛接受的观点形成鲜明对比，即植物-授粉者相互作用大多是广义的。在这项研究中，地中海灌木群落在西班牙东北部，我们补充数据，从密集的实地调查与分析传粉者携带的花粉负荷。我们观察到4265接触对应于19种植物和122传粉昆虫。花粉数据的加入揭示了非常重要的相互作用，导致重要的网络结构变化。连接性增加了1.43倍，平均植物连接性从18.5增加到26.4，平均传粉者连接性从2.9增加到4.1。极端专业传粉物种减少了0.6倍，这表明生态专业化往往被高估了植物传粉网络。我们预计稀有物种的连通性会增加，因此不对称专业化水平会降低。然而，新的链接优先连接到已经高度连接的节点，因此，嵌套和集中化都增加了。花粉数据的加入揭示了四个明确定义的模块的存在，这些模块在仅使用实地调查数据时并不明显。其中三个模块有很强的物候成分。与其他授粉网络相比，我们的网络有很高比例的连接器链接和物种。也就是说，虽然重要，但这四个模块远非孤立的。
Pollination network studies are based on pollinator surveys conducted on focal plants. This plant-centred approach provides insufficient information on flower visitation habits of rare pollinator species, which are the majority in pollinator communities. As a result, pollination networks contain very high proportions of pollinator species linked to a single plant species (extreme specialists), a pattern that contrasts with the widely accepted view that plant-pollinator interactions are mostly generalized. In this study of a Mediterranean scrubland community in NE Spain we supplement data from an intensive field survey with the analysis of pollen loads carried by pollinators. We observed 4265 contacts corresponding to 19 plant and 122 pollinator species. The addition of pollen data unveiled a very significant number of interactions, resulting in important network structural changes. Connectance increased 1.43-fold, mean plant connectivity went from 18.5 to 26.4, and mean pollinator connectivity from 2.9 to 4.1. Extreme specialist pollinator species decreased 0.6-fold, suggesting that ecological specialization is often overestimated in plant-pollinator networks. We expected a greater connectivity increase in rare species, and consequently a decrease in the level of asymmetric specialization. However, new links preferentially attached to already highly connected nodes and, as a result, both nestedness and centralization increased. The addition of pollen data revealed the existence of four clearly defined modules that were not apparent when only field survey data were used. Three of these modules had a strong phenological component. In comparison to other pollination webs, our network had a high proportion of connector links and species. That is, although significant, the four modules were far from isolated.